The influence of landscape and urbanisation on behavioural diversity and cultural richness of sulphur-crested cockatoos (Cacatua galerita)

Rapid anthropogenic changes, including urbanization, pose a great challenge to biodiversity worldwide, as species must rapidly adapt to novel conditions to ensure their survival and continue to thrive in an increasingly human-dominated landscape. Long-lived species face reduced opportunity for rapid genetic adaptation, making behavioural flexibility crucial for their survival1,2. One significant pathway for adaptive change is the acquisition of learnt behaviour through innovation, social learning, and cultural inheritance3.