实践跨界主体：试论庄华兴的马华文学论述与翻译: Practicing Transcultural Subjectivity: An Analysis of Chong Fah Hing’s Scholarship on Malaysian Chinese Literature and His Translation Praxis.

本文初步梳理近20年来庄华兴在马华文学与文化课题上的学术论述和翻译实践，探讨其思想来源和研究取径，及其之于马华文学研究的意义。“主体性”这个关键词持续出现在庄华兴的研究著述中，惟主体并非不言自明，也不单纯以本质主义的型态构成。本文认为，庄华兴以“跨界主体”为核心，寻求为“马华问题”解套的方法，同时也彰显第三世界知识分子在民族、语言和文化身分归属难题上的深切关怀。本文集中讨论庄华兴论述与实践的两个面向：“左翼马华”和“翻译马华”。庄华兴将左翼视为被压抑的社会运动和文学思想，追溯具有跨国意识的左翼精神。另一方面，他以跨语主义为方法，实际从事翻译工作并寻思翻译的政治功能，以突破马来西亚国家文化建制的藩篱。两者可说是庄华兴对“马华问题”的响应方式，也展现其期许建立理想的“马华民族”跨界主体的途径。

This paper combs through Chong Fah Hing’s academic scholarship and translation practices of Malaysian Chinese (Mahua) literature and culture over the past 20 years. It explores the sources of his thoughts, research approaches and the significance of his work to the study of Mahua literature. The keyword “subjectivity” (zhuti xing) continuously appears in Chong’s writings, though the “subject” is not self-evident. This paper posits that Chong Fah Hing centers on the concept of the “transcultural subjectivity” to seek solutions to the “Mahua problems”. His thought and practice also demonstrate the deep concern of Third World intellectuals regarding the problems of national, linguistic, and cultural identity. The paper focuses on two aspects of Chong’s scholarship and practice: left-wing thoughts and translation. On one hand, Chong views the left-wing as a repressed social movement and literary thought in Malaysia, tracing the transnational consciousness of the left-wing spirit. On the other hand, in his translation work, he practices translingual approaches and considers the political functions of translation, aiming to break through the barriers created by the Malaysian state cultural establishments. Both can be seen as Chong’s responses to the Mahua problems, and they also demonstrate his aspiration to establish an ideal transcultural “Mahuaminzu” subjectivity