A novel approach for real mass transformation from V₂O ₅ particles to nanorods

A solid-state, mass-quantity transformation from V₂O₅ powders to nanorods has been realized via a two-step approach. The nanorods were formed through a controlled nanoscale growth from the nanocrystalline V₂O₅ phase created by a ball milling treatment. The nanorods grow along the [010] direction and are dominated by {001} surfaces. Surface energy minimization and surface diffusion play important roles in their growth mechanism. Real large quantity production can be achieved when the annealing process is conducted in a fluidized bed which can treat large quantities of the milled materials at once. The crystal orientation of nanorods provides an improved cycling stability for lithium intercalation.