TY - JOUR
T1 - A Survey of Algorithms for Distributed Charging Control of Electric Vehicles in Smart Grid
AU - Nimalsiri, Nanduni I.
AU - Mediwaththe, Chathurika P.
AU - Ratnam, Elizabeth L.
AU - Shaw, Marnie
AU - Smith, David B.
AU - Halgamuge, Saman K.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2000-2011 IEEE.
PY - 2020/11
Y1 - 2020/11
N2 - Electric vehicles (EVs) are an eco-friendly alternative to vehicles with internal combustion engines. Despite their environmental benefits, the massive electricity demand imposed by the anticipated proliferation of EVs could jeopardize the secure and economic operation of the power grid. Hence, proper strategies for charging coordination will be indispensable to the future power grid. Coordinated EV charging schemes can be implemented as centralized, decentralized, and hierarchical systems, with the last two, referred to as distributed charging control systems. This paper reviews the recent literature of distributed charging control schemes, where the computations are distributed across multiple EVs and/or aggregators. First, we categorize optimization problems for EV charging in terms of operational aspects and cost aspects. Then under each category, we provide a comprehensive discussion on algorithms for distributed EV charge scheduling, considering the perspectives of the grid operator, the aggregator, and the EV user. We also discuss how certain algorithms proposed in the literature cope with various uncertainties inherent to distributed EV charging control problems. Finally, we outline several research directions that require further attention.
AB - Electric vehicles (EVs) are an eco-friendly alternative to vehicles with internal combustion engines. Despite their environmental benefits, the massive electricity demand imposed by the anticipated proliferation of EVs could jeopardize the secure and economic operation of the power grid. Hence, proper strategies for charging coordination will be indispensable to the future power grid. Coordinated EV charging schemes can be implemented as centralized, decentralized, and hierarchical systems, with the last two, referred to as distributed charging control systems. This paper reviews the recent literature of distributed charging control schemes, where the computations are distributed across multiple EVs and/or aggregators. First, we categorize optimization problems for EV charging in terms of operational aspects and cost aspects. Then under each category, we provide a comprehensive discussion on algorithms for distributed EV charge scheduling, considering the perspectives of the grid operator, the aggregator, and the EV user. We also discuss how certain algorithms proposed in the literature cope with various uncertainties inherent to distributed EV charging control problems. Finally, we outline several research directions that require further attention.
KW - Decentralized control
KW - distributed optimization
KW - electric vehicles
KW - hierarchical control
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85088707031&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1109/TITS.2019.2943620
DO - 10.1109/TITS.2019.2943620
M3 - Article
SN - 1524-9050
VL - 21
SP - 4497
EP - 4515
JO - IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems
JF - IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems
IS - 11
M1 - 8855113
ER -