Absolute calibration of the LOPES antenna system

S. Nehls; W. D. Apel; F. Badea; L. Bähren; K. Bekk; A. Bercuci; M. Bertaina; P. L. Biermann; J. Blümer; H. Bozdog; I. M. Brancus; M. Brüggemann; P. Buchholz; S. Buitink; H. Butcher; A. Chiavassa; K. Daumiller; A. G. De Bruyn; C. M. De Vos; F. Di Pierro; P. Doll; R. Engel; H. Falcke; H. Gemmeke; P. L. Ghia; R. Glasstetter; C. Grupen; A. Hakenjos; A. Haungs; D. Heck; J. R. Hörandel; A. Horneffer; T. Huege; K. H. Kampert; G. W. Kant; U. Klein; Y. Kolotaev; Y. Koopman; O. Krömer; J. Kuijpers; S. Lafebre; G. Maier; H. J. Mathes; H. J. Mayer; J. Milke; B. Mitrica; C. Morello; G. Navarra; A. Nigl; R. Obenland; J. Oehlschläger; S. Ostapchenko; S. Over; H. J. Pepping; M. Petcu; J. Petrovic; T. Pierog; S. Plewnia; H. Rebel; A. Risse; M. Roth; H. Schieler; G. Schoonderbeek; O. Sima; M. Stümpert; G. Toma; G. C. Trinchero; H. Ulrich; J. Van Buren; W. Van Capellen; W. Walkowiak; A. Weindl; S. Wijnholds; J. Wochele; J. Zabierowski; J. A. Zensus; D. Zimmermann

doi:10.1142/S0217751X06033593

Absolute calibration of the LOPES antenna system

S. Nehls^*, W. D. Apel, F. Badea, L. Bähren, K. Bekk, A. Bercuci, M. Bertaina, P. L. Biermann, J. Blümer, H. Bozdog, I. M. Brancus, M. Brüggemann, P. Buchholz, S. Buitink, H. Butcher, A. Chiavassa, K. Daumiller, A. G. De Bruyn, C. M. De Vos, F. Di PierroP. Doll, R. Engel, H. Falcke, H. Gemmeke, P. L. Ghia, R. Glasstetter, C. Grupen, A. Hakenjos, A. Haungs, D. Heck, J. R. Hörandel, A. Horneffer, T. Huege, K. H. Kampert, G. W. Kant, U. Klein, Y. Kolotaev, Y. Koopman, O. Krömer, J. Kuijpers, S. Lafebre, G. Maier, H. J. Mathes, H. J. Mayer, J. Milke, B. Mitrica, C. Morello, G. Navarra, A. Nigl, R. Obenland, J. Oehlschläger, S. Ostapchenko, S. Over, H. J. Pepping, M. Petcu, J. Petrovic, T. Pierog, S. Plewnia, H. Rebel, A. Risse, M. Roth, H. Schieler, G. Schoonderbeek, O. Sima, M. Stümpert, G. Toma, G. C. Trinchero, H. Ulrich, J. Van Buren, W. Van Capellen, W. Walkowiak, A. Weindl, S. Wijnholds, J. Wochele, J. Zabierowski, J. A. Zensus, D. Zimmermann

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal › Review article › peer-review

6 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Radio emission in extensive air showers arises from an interaction with the geomagnetic field and is subject of theoretical studies. This radio emission has advantages for the detection of high energy cosmic rays compared to secondary particle or fluorescence measurement methods. Radio antennas like the LOPES30 antenna system are suited to investigate this emission process by detecting the radio pulses. The characteristic observable parameters like electric field strength and pulse length require a calibration which was done with a reference radio source resulting in an amplification factor representing the system behavior in the environment of the KASCADE-Grande experiment. Knowing the amplification factor and the gain of the LOPES antennas LOPES30 is calibrated absolutely for systematic analyses of the radio emission.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	187-191
Number of pages	5
Journal	International Journal of Modern Physics A
Volume	21
Issue number	SUPPL. 1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1142/S0217751X06033593
Publication status	Published - Jul 2006
Externally published	Yes

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Nehls, S., Apel, W. D., Badea, F., Bähren, L., Bekk, K., Bercuci, A., Bertaina, M., Biermann, P. L., Blümer, J., Bozdog, H., Brancus, I. M., Brüggemann, M., Buchholz, P., Buitink, S., Butcher, H., Chiavassa, A., Daumiller, K., De Bruyn, A. G., De Vos, C. M., ... Zimmermann, D. (2006). Absolute calibration of the LOPES antenna system. International Journal of Modern Physics A, 21(SUPPL. 1), 187-191. https://doi.org/10.1142/S0217751X06033593

@article{d76c268d860646a58b278609d6db7395,

title = "Absolute calibration of the LOPES antenna system",

abstract = "Radio emission in extensive air showers arises from an interaction with the geomagnetic field and is subject of theoretical studies. This radio emission has advantages for the detection of high energy cosmic rays compared to secondary particle or fluorescence measurement methods. Radio antennas like the LOPES30 antenna system are suited to investigate this emission process by detecting the radio pulses. The characteristic observable parameters like electric field strength and pulse length require a calibration which was done with a reference radio source resulting in an amplification factor representing the system behavior in the environment of the KASCADE-Grande experiment. Knowing the amplification factor and the gain of the LOPES antennas LOPES30 is calibrated absolutely for systematic analyses of the radio emission.",

author = "S. Nehls and Apel, {W. D.} and F. Badea and L. B{\"a}hren and K. Bekk and A. Bercuci and M. Bertaina and Biermann, {P. L.} and J. Bl{\"u}mer and H. Bozdog and Brancus, {I. M.} and M. Br{\"u}ggemann and P. Buchholz and S. Buitink and H. Butcher and A. Chiavassa and K. Daumiller and {De Bruyn}, {A. G.} and {De Vos}, {C. M.} and {Di Pierro}, F. and P. Doll and R. Engel and H. Falcke and H. Gemmeke and Ghia, {P. L.} and R. Glasstetter and C. Grupen and A. Hakenjos and A. Haungs and D. Heck and H{\"o}randel, {J. R.} and A. Horneffer and T. Huege and Kampert, {K. H.} and Kant, {G. W.} and U. Klein and Y. Kolotaev and Y. Koopman and O. Kr{\"o}mer and J. Kuijpers and S. Lafebre and G. Maier and Mathes, {H. J.} and Mayer, {H. J.} and J. Milke and B. Mitrica and C. Morello and G. Navarra and A. Nigl and R. Obenland and J. Oehlschl{\"a}ger and S. Ostapchenko and S. Over and Pepping, {H. J.} and M. Petcu and J. Petrovic and T. Pierog and S. Plewnia and H. Rebel and A. Risse and M. Roth and H. Schieler and G. Schoonderbeek and O. Sima and M. St{\"u}mpert and G. Toma and Trinchero, {G. C.} and H. Ulrich and {Van Buren}, J. and {Van Capellen}, W. and W. Walkowiak and A. Weindl and S. Wijnholds and J. Wochele and J. Zabierowski and Zensus, {J. A.} and D. Zimmermann",

year = "2006",

month = jul,

doi = "10.1142/S0217751X06033593",

language = "English",

volume = "21",

pages = "187--191",

journal = "International Journal of Modern Physics A",

issn = "0217-751X",

publisher = "World Scientific",

number = "SUPPL. 1",

}

Nehls, S, Apel, WD, Badea, F, Bähren, L, Bekk, K, Bercuci, A, Bertaina, M, Biermann, PL, Blümer, J, Bozdog, H, Brancus, IM, Brüggemann, M, Buchholz, P, Buitink, S, Butcher, H, Chiavassa, A, Daumiller, K, De Bruyn, AG, De Vos, CM, Di Pierro, F, Doll, P, Engel, R, Falcke, H, Gemmeke, H, Ghia, PL, Glasstetter, R, Grupen, C, Hakenjos, A, Haungs, A, Heck, D, Hörandel, JR, Horneffer, A, Huege, T, Kampert, KH, Kant, GW, Klein, U, Kolotaev, Y, Koopman, Y, Krömer, O, Kuijpers, J, Lafebre, S, Maier, G, Mathes, HJ, Mayer, HJ, Milke, J, Mitrica, B, Morello, C, Navarra, G, Nigl, A, Obenland, R, Oehlschläger, J, Ostapchenko, S, Over, S, Pepping, HJ, Petcu, M, Petrovic, J, Pierog, T, Plewnia, S, Rebel, H, Risse, A, Roth, M, Schieler, H, Schoonderbeek, G, Sima, O, Stümpert, M, Toma, G, Trinchero, GC, Ulrich, H, Van Buren, J, Van Capellen, W, Walkowiak, W, Weindl, A, Wijnholds, S, Wochele, J, Zabierowski, J, Zensus, JA & Zimmermann, D 2006, 'Absolute calibration of the LOPES antenna system', International Journal of Modern Physics A, vol. 21, no. SUPPL. 1, pp. 187-191. https://doi.org/10.1142/S0217751X06033593

TY - JOUR

T1 - Absolute calibration of the LOPES antenna system

AU - Nehls, S.

AU - Apel, W. D.

AU - Badea, F.

AU - Bähren, L.

AU - Bekk, K.

AU - Bercuci, A.

AU - Bertaina, M.

AU - Biermann, P. L.

AU - Blümer, J.

AU - Bozdog, H.

AU - Brancus, I. M.

AU - Brüggemann, M.

AU - Buchholz, P.

AU - Buitink, S.

AU - Butcher, H.

AU - Chiavassa, A.

AU - Daumiller, K.

AU - De Bruyn, A. G.

AU - De Vos, C. M.

AU - Di Pierro, F.

AU - Doll, P.

AU - Engel, R.

AU - Falcke, H.

AU - Gemmeke, H.

AU - Ghia, P. L.

AU - Glasstetter, R.

AU - Grupen, C.

AU - Hakenjos, A.

AU - Haungs, A.

AU - Heck, D.

AU - Hörandel, J. R.

AU - Horneffer, A.

AU - Huege, T.

AU - Kampert, K. H.

AU - Kant, G. W.

AU - Klein, U.

AU - Kolotaev, Y.

AU - Koopman, Y.

AU - Krömer, O.

AU - Kuijpers, J.

AU - Lafebre, S.

AU - Maier, G.

AU - Mathes, H. J.

AU - Mayer, H. J.

AU - Milke, J.

AU - Mitrica, B.

AU - Morello, C.

AU - Navarra, G.

AU - Nigl, A.

AU - Obenland, R.

AU - Oehlschläger, J.

AU - Ostapchenko, S.

AU - Over, S.

AU - Pepping, H. J.

AU - Petcu, M.

AU - Petrovic, J.

AU - Pierog, T.

AU - Plewnia, S.

AU - Rebel, H.

AU - Risse, A.

AU - Roth, M.

AU - Schieler, H.

AU - Schoonderbeek, G.

AU - Sima, O.

AU - Stümpert, M.

AU - Toma, G.

AU - Trinchero, G. C.

AU - Ulrich, H.

AU - Van Buren, J.

AU - Van Capellen, W.

AU - Walkowiak, W.

AU - Weindl, A.

AU - Wijnholds, S.

AU - Wochele, J.

AU - Zabierowski, J.

AU - Zensus, J. A.

AU - Zimmermann, D.

PY - 2006/7

Y1 - 2006/7

N2 - Radio emission in extensive air showers arises from an interaction with the geomagnetic field and is subject of theoretical studies. This radio emission has advantages for the detection of high energy cosmic rays compared to secondary particle or fluorescence measurement methods. Radio antennas like the LOPES30 antenna system are suited to investigate this emission process by detecting the radio pulses. The characteristic observable parameters like electric field strength and pulse length require a calibration which was done with a reference radio source resulting in an amplification factor representing the system behavior in the environment of the KASCADE-Grande experiment. Knowing the amplification factor and the gain of the LOPES antennas LOPES30 is calibrated absolutely for systematic analyses of the radio emission.

AB - Radio emission in extensive air showers arises from an interaction with the geomagnetic field and is subject of theoretical studies. This radio emission has advantages for the detection of high energy cosmic rays compared to secondary particle or fluorescence measurement methods. Radio antennas like the LOPES30 antenna system are suited to investigate this emission process by detecting the radio pulses. The characteristic observable parameters like electric field strength and pulse length require a calibration which was done with a reference radio source resulting in an amplification factor representing the system behavior in the environment of the KASCADE-Grande experiment. Knowing the amplification factor and the gain of the LOPES antennas LOPES30 is calibrated absolutely for systematic analyses of the radio emission.

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=33747727547&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1142/S0217751X06033593

DO - 10.1142/S0217751X06033593

M3 - Review article

SN - 0217-751X

VL - 21

SP - 187

EP - 191

JO - International Journal of Modern Physics A

JF - International Journal of Modern Physics A

IS - SUPPL. 1

ER -

Absolute calibration of the LOPES antenna system

Abstract

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