Afghanistan

This chapter addresses international law in Afghanistan. States where the post-conflict period is, in fact, a series of continuing sub-national conflicts, are often coded as failed or fragile and are also criticized as failing in their embrace of international law. In the case of Afghanistan, such discourses of deficiency also erase some important legal history. For most of its history, Afghanistan has been contingent as a Westphalian state. This means that it has also had a fluid relationship with the institutions and norms of international law, including the normative discourse and practice of the international rule of law. Although Afghanistan has been a member of the United Nations since 1946, and thus a contributor to international law in the twentieth century, it is seen more as a subject of international law. After considering these issues, the chapter then highlights the complexity of Afghans location within, as well as its relationship with, international law, international legal institutions, and international legal norms.