Albert O. Hirschman, Exit, Voice and Loyalty: Responses to Decline in Firms, Organizations, and States

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    Abstract

    This chapter discusses Albert Hirschmans Exit, Voice and Loyalty, a classic known for its relatively simple argument that has found many applications in fields ranging from personal relationships and workplace relations to emigration, political parties, and more importantly, public policy. Published in 1970, the book argues how exit and voice can be used by consumers of a product or service to let producers know their satisfaction (or dissatisfaction) with that good. This chapter first examines the influence of Exit, Voice and Loyalty in various fields before turning to some criticisms and extensions of Hirschmans framework. It then assesses how exit and voice relate to loyalty and social investment as well as the evidence for Hirschmans claim of the exitvoice trade-off. Finally, it analyses evidence on the efficiency of different exit mechanisms
    Original languageEnglish
    Title of host publicationOxford Handbook of the Classics of Public Policy and Administration
    EditorsSteven Balla, Martin Lodge, Edward Page
    Place of Publicationoxford
    PublisherOxford University Press
    Pages266-271pp
    Volume1
    Edition1st
    ISBN (Print)9780199646135
    DOIs
    Publication statusPublished - 2015

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