TY - JOUR
T1 - Analysis of the Th1/Th2 paradigm in transplantation
T2 - Interferon-γ, deficiency converts Th1-type proislet allograft rejection to a Th2-type xenograft-like response
AU - Simeonovic, Charmaine J.
AU - Townsend, Michelle J.
AU - Karupiah, Gunasegaran
AU - Wilson, J. Dennis
AU - Zarb, Jodie C.
AU - Mann, David A.
AU - Young, Ian G.
PY - 1999
Y1 - 1999
N2 - The rejection mechanisms for fetal proislet allografts and pig proislet xenografts in mice are characterized by different intragraft cytokine mRNA profiles and cellular responses. Allograft rejection is predominantly CD8 T- cell-dependent and is associated with a Th1-type cytokine pattern (i.e., IFN- γ, IL-2 but no IL-4 or IL-5 mRNA). In contrast, xenograft rejection is CD4 T-cell-dependent and is accompanied by a strong Th2-type response (i.e., enhanced expression of IL-4 and IL-5 mRNA) and by marked eosinophil accumulation at the graff site. We have now examined and compared the regulatory role of IFN-γ in both proislet allograft and xenograft rejection processes. The histopathology and intragraft cytokine mRNA profile of BALB/c (H-2(d)) proislet allografts were examined in IFN-γ-deficient and wild-type C57BL/6J recipient mice. The survival of pig proislet xenografts was also assessed in IFN-γ -/- and wild-type hosts. Both proislet allografts and xenografts were acutely rejected in IFN-γ -/- and wild-type mice. Unlike the conventional allograft reaction, which lacks eosinophil infiltration, the rejection of proislet allografts in IFN-γ-deficient hosts correlated with intragraft expression of IL-4 and IL-5 mRNA (i.e., a Th2-type response) and eosinophil recruitment. The rejection of proislet allografts and xenografts can therefore occur by IFN-γ-independent pathways; IFN-γ, however, regulates the pathology of the allograft reaction but not the xenograft response. The immune destruction of proislet allografts is not prevented by Th2 cytokine gene expression; instead, the latter correlated with the recruitment of unconventional inflammatory cells (eosinophils), which may play an accessory role in effecting graft injury. Significantly, the Th1-to- Th2-like switch resulted in the novel conversion of an allograft rejection reaction into a xenograft-like rejection process.
AB - The rejection mechanisms for fetal proislet allografts and pig proislet xenografts in mice are characterized by different intragraft cytokine mRNA profiles and cellular responses. Allograft rejection is predominantly CD8 T- cell-dependent and is associated with a Th1-type cytokine pattern (i.e., IFN- γ, IL-2 but no IL-4 or IL-5 mRNA). In contrast, xenograft rejection is CD4 T-cell-dependent and is accompanied by a strong Th2-type response (i.e., enhanced expression of IL-4 and IL-5 mRNA) and by marked eosinophil accumulation at the graff site. We have now examined and compared the regulatory role of IFN-γ in both proislet allograft and xenograft rejection processes. The histopathology and intragraft cytokine mRNA profile of BALB/c (H-2(d)) proislet allografts were examined in IFN-γ-deficient and wild-type C57BL/6J recipient mice. The survival of pig proislet xenografts was also assessed in IFN-γ -/- and wild-type hosts. Both proislet allografts and xenografts were acutely rejected in IFN-γ -/- and wild-type mice. Unlike the conventional allograft reaction, which lacks eosinophil infiltration, the rejection of proislet allografts in IFN-γ-deficient hosts correlated with intragraft expression of IL-4 and IL-5 mRNA (i.e., a Th2-type response) and eosinophil recruitment. The rejection of proislet allografts and xenografts can therefore occur by IFN-γ-independent pathways; IFN-γ, however, regulates the pathology of the allograft reaction but not the xenograft response. The immune destruction of proislet allografts is not prevented by Th2 cytokine gene expression; instead, the latter correlated with the recruitment of unconventional inflammatory cells (eosinophils), which may play an accessory role in effecting graft injury. Significantly, the Th1-to- Th2-like switch resulted in the novel conversion of an allograft rejection reaction into a xenograft-like rejection process.
KW - Allograft
KW - IFN-γ deficient
KW - Proislet
KW - Rejection
KW - Xenograft
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=0032857229&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1177/096368979900800404
DO - 10.1177/096368979900800404
M3 - Article
SN - 0963-6897
VL - 8
SP - 365
EP - 373
JO - Cell Transplantation
JF - Cell Transplantation
IS - 4
ER -