Atrial fibrillation: An update on management

Atrial fibrillation carries a markedly increased risk of stroke and left ventricular dysfunction, and is associated with reduced quality of life. In light of the potential for poor outcomes and the likely understated presence of silent atrial fibrillation, opportunistic screening should be carried out in general practice. Modifying the risk factors for atrial fibrillation is the cornerstone of management with adjuvant drug therapy to help maintain sinus rhythm, control the ventricular rate and reduce the risk of cerebral thromboembolism. The need for anticoagulant therapy can be assessed by using the revised CHA₂ DS₂-VASc score. Direct oral anticoagulants are now preferred to warfarin in those who qualify for their use. Catheter ablation is an effective option to improve survival in patients with left ventricular dysfunction. It also improves quality of life and reduces arrhythmia-related hospital admissions.