Bacillus cereus: Epidemiology, Virulence Factors, and Host–Pathogen Interactions

Daniel Enosi Tuipulotu; Anukriti Mathur; Chinh Ngo; Si Ming Man

doi:10.1016/j.tim.2020.09.003

Bacillus cereus: Epidemiology, Virulence Factors, and Host–Pathogen Interactions

Daniel Enosi Tuipulotu, Anukriti Mathur, Chinh Ngo, Si Ming Man^*

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal › Review article › peer-review

135 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

The toxin-producing bacterium Bacillus cereus is an important and neglected human pathogen and a common cause of food poisoning. Several toxins have been implicated in disease, including the pore-forming toxins hemolysin BL (HBL) and nonhemolytic enterotoxin (NHE). Recent work revealed that HBL binds to the mammalian surface receptors LITAF and CDIP1 and that both HBL and NHE induce potassium efflux and activate the NLRP3 inflammasome, leading to pyroptosis. These mammalian receptors, in part, contribute to inflammation and pathology. Other putative virulence factors of B. cereus include cytotoxin K, cereulide, metalloproteases, sphingomyelinase, and phospholipases. In this review, we highlight the latest progress in our understanding of B. cereus biology, epidemiology, and pathogenesis, and discuss potential new directions for research in this field.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	458-471
Number of pages	14
Journal	Trends in Microbiology
Volume	29
Issue number	5
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tim.2020.09.003
Publication status	Published - May 2021

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title = "Bacillus cereus: Epidemiology, Virulence Factors, and Host–Pathogen Interactions",

abstract = "The toxin-producing bacterium Bacillus cereus is an important and neglected human pathogen and a common cause of food poisoning. Several toxins have been implicated in disease, including the pore-forming toxins hemolysin BL (HBL) and nonhemolytic enterotoxin (NHE). Recent work revealed that HBL binds to the mammalian surface receptors LITAF and CDIP1 and that both HBL and NHE induce potassium efflux and activate the NLRP3 inflammasome, leading to pyroptosis. These mammalian receptors, in part, contribute to inflammation and pathology. Other putative virulence factors of B. cereus include cytotoxin K, cereulide, metalloproteases, sphingomyelinase, and phospholipases. In this review, we highlight the latest progress in our understanding of B. cereus biology, epidemiology, and pathogenesis, and discuss potential new directions for research in this field.",

keywords = "IL-1, IL-18, S-layer, Toll-like receptors, anthrax, bacteremia, caspase-1, cytokines, emesis, endophthalmitis, endospores, flagella, gasdermin, gasgangrene, gastroenteritis, gut microbiome, gut microbiota, mesophilic, psychrotrophic, respiratory tract infections",

author = "{Enosi Tuipulotu}, Daniel and Anukriti Mathur and Chinh Ngo and Man, {Si Ming}",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2020 Elsevier Ltd",

year = "2021",

month = may,

doi = "10.1016/j.tim.2020.09.003",

language = "English",

volume = "29",

pages = "458--471",

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T1 - Bacillus cereus

T2 - Epidemiology, Virulence Factors, and Host–Pathogen Interactions

AU - Enosi Tuipulotu, Daniel

AU - Mathur, Anukriti

AU - Ngo, Chinh

AU - Man, Si Ming

PY - 2021/5

Y1 - 2021/5

N2 - The toxin-producing bacterium Bacillus cereus is an important and neglected human pathogen and a common cause of food poisoning. Several toxins have been implicated in disease, including the pore-forming toxins hemolysin BL (HBL) and nonhemolytic enterotoxin (NHE). Recent work revealed that HBL binds to the mammalian surface receptors LITAF and CDIP1 and that both HBL and NHE induce potassium efflux and activate the NLRP3 inflammasome, leading to pyroptosis. These mammalian receptors, in part, contribute to inflammation and pathology. Other putative virulence factors of B. cereus include cytotoxin K, cereulide, metalloproteases, sphingomyelinase, and phospholipases. In this review, we highlight the latest progress in our understanding of B. cereus biology, epidemiology, and pathogenesis, and discuss potential new directions for research in this field.

AB - The toxin-producing bacterium Bacillus cereus is an important and neglected human pathogen and a common cause of food poisoning. Several toxins have been implicated in disease, including the pore-forming toxins hemolysin BL (HBL) and nonhemolytic enterotoxin (NHE). Recent work revealed that HBL binds to the mammalian surface receptors LITAF and CDIP1 and that both HBL and NHE induce potassium efflux and activate the NLRP3 inflammasome, leading to pyroptosis. These mammalian receptors, in part, contribute to inflammation and pathology. Other putative virulence factors of B. cereus include cytotoxin K, cereulide, metalloproteases, sphingomyelinase, and phospholipases. In this review, we highlight the latest progress in our understanding of B. cereus biology, epidemiology, and pathogenesis, and discuss potential new directions for research in this field.

KW - IL-1

KW - IL-18

KW - S-layer

KW - Toll-like receptors

KW - anthrax

KW - bacteremia

KW - caspase-1

KW - cytokines

KW - emesis

KW - endophthalmitis

KW - endospores

KW - flagella

KW - gasdermin

KW - gasgangrene

KW - gastroenteritis

KW - gut microbiome

KW - gut microbiota

KW - mesophilic

KW - psychrotrophic

KW - respiratory tract infections

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U2 - 10.1016/j.tim.2020.09.003

DO - 10.1016/j.tim.2020.09.003

M3 - Review article

SN - 0966-842X

VL - 29

SP - 458

EP - 471

JO - Trends in Microbiology

JF - Trends in Microbiology

IS - 5

ER -

Bacillus cereus: Epidemiology, Virulence Factors, and Host–Pathogen Interactions

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