TY - JOUR
T1 - Body mass index is associated with cortical thinning with different patterns in mid- and late-life
AU - Shaw, M. E.
AU - Sachdev, P. S.
AU - Abhayaratna, W.
AU - Anstey, K. J.
AU - Cherbuin, N.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2018 Macmillan Publishers Limited, part of Springer Nature All rights reserved.
PY - 2018/3/1
Y1 - 2018/3/1
N2 - Objective:High BMI at midlife is associated with increased risk of dementia as well as faster decline in cognitive function. In late-life, however, high BMI has been found to be associated with both increased and decreased dementia risk. The objective of this study was to investigate the neural substrates of this age-related change in body mass index (BMI) risk.Methods:We measured longitudinal cortical thinning over the whole brain, based on magnetic resonance imaging scans for 910 individuals aged 44-66 years at baseline. Subjects were sampled from a large population study (PATH, Personality and Total Health through Life). After attrition and exclusions, the final analysis was based on 792 individuals, including 387 individuals aged 60-66 years and 405 individuals aged 44-49 years. A mixed-effects model was used to test the association between cortical thinning and baseline BMI, as well as percentage change in BMI.Results:Increasing BMI was associated with increased cortical thinning in posterior cingulate at midlife (0.014 mm kg '1 m '2, confidence interval; CI=0.005, 0.023, P<0.05 false discovery rate (FDR) corrected). In late-life, increasing BMI was associated with reduced cortical thickness, most prominently in the right supramarginal cortex (0.010 mm kg '1 m '2, CI=0.005-0.016, P<0.05 FDR corrected), as well as frontal regions. In late-life, decreasing BMI was also associated with increased cortical thinning, including right caudal middle frontal cortex (0.014 mm kg '1 m '2 (CI=0.006-0.023, P<0.05 FDR corrected).Conclusions:The pattern of cortical thinning - in association with increasing BMI at both midlife and late-life - is consistent with known obesity-related dementia risk. Increased cortical thinning in association with decreasing BMI at late-life may help explain the 'obesity paradox', where high BMI in midlife appears to be a risk factor for dementia, but high BMI in late-life appears, at times, to be protective.
AB - Objective:High BMI at midlife is associated with increased risk of dementia as well as faster decline in cognitive function. In late-life, however, high BMI has been found to be associated with both increased and decreased dementia risk. The objective of this study was to investigate the neural substrates of this age-related change in body mass index (BMI) risk.Methods:We measured longitudinal cortical thinning over the whole brain, based on magnetic resonance imaging scans for 910 individuals aged 44-66 years at baseline. Subjects were sampled from a large population study (PATH, Personality and Total Health through Life). After attrition and exclusions, the final analysis was based on 792 individuals, including 387 individuals aged 60-66 years and 405 individuals aged 44-49 years. A mixed-effects model was used to test the association between cortical thinning and baseline BMI, as well as percentage change in BMI.Results:Increasing BMI was associated with increased cortical thinning in posterior cingulate at midlife (0.014 mm kg '1 m '2, confidence interval; CI=0.005, 0.023, P<0.05 false discovery rate (FDR) corrected). In late-life, increasing BMI was associated with reduced cortical thickness, most prominently in the right supramarginal cortex (0.010 mm kg '1 m '2, CI=0.005-0.016, P<0.05 FDR corrected), as well as frontal regions. In late-life, decreasing BMI was also associated with increased cortical thinning, including right caudal middle frontal cortex (0.014 mm kg '1 m '2 (CI=0.006-0.023, P<0.05 FDR corrected).Conclusions:The pattern of cortical thinning - in association with increasing BMI at both midlife and late-life - is consistent with known obesity-related dementia risk. Increased cortical thinning in association with decreasing BMI at late-life may help explain the 'obesity paradox', where high BMI in midlife appears to be a risk factor for dementia, but high BMI in late-life appears, at times, to be protective.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85044598679&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1038/ijo.2017.254
DO - 10.1038/ijo.2017.254
M3 - Article
SN - 0307-0565
VL - 42
SP - 455
EP - 461
JO - International Journal of Obesity
JF - International Journal of Obesity
IS - 3
ER -