TY - JOUR
T1 - Development of a latex microsphere-based lateral flow immunoassay for the diagnosis of schistosomiasis japonica
AU - Tabilin, Emmanuel John
AU - Gordon, Catherine A.
AU - Mu, Yi
AU - Jiz, Mario
AU - Inobaya, Marianette
AU - Avenido-Cervantes, Eleonor
AU - Gray, Darren
AU - Mationg, Mary Lorraine
AU - McManus, Donald P.
AU - Egwang, Thomas G.
AU - Adriko, Moses
AU - Sako, Yasuhito
AU - Sato, Marcello Otake
AU - Sato, Megumi
AU - You, Hong
AU - Kelly, Matthew
AU - Cai, Pengfei
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2024 Tabilin et al.
PY - 2024/12
Y1 - 2024/12
N2 - Background Zoonotic schistosomiasis, caused by Schistosoma japonicum, is prevalent in China, the Philippines and Indonesia. Rapid point-of-care (POC) diagnostics are attractive and promising tools for evaluating the efficacy of intervention strategies for schistosomiasis control. Methodology The diagnostic potential of five recombinant antigens was tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using sera from individuals with positive Kato-Katz (KK) results for S. japonicum (n = 28) and non-endemic controls (n = 12). A latex microsphere (LM)-based lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA) incorporating the recombinant SjSAP4 (rSjSAP4) was developed for the diagnosis of schistosomiasis japonica. The test conditions including diluent, dilution factor and reaction time, were optimised for the developed LFIA. Under the optimised conditions, serum samples from individuals living in a barangay endemic for S. japonicum (n = 549) and non-endemic controls (n = 50) were tested with the established LFIA cassettes. The results were imaged by a smartphone and analysed by the ImageJ program. The intensity ratio of the test line to the control line (T/C ratio) was calculated for each cassette. Main findings ELISA confirmed that rSjSAP4 was the optimal candidate for serological diagnosis of schistosomiasis japonica. Under optimal testing conditions, the developed LFIA strips had a sensitivity of 80.6% and a specificity of 98.0% at a cut-off T/C ratio of 0.1031. Moreover, the results of the LM-based LFIA was positively correlated with those obtained from the rSjSAP4-ELISA (r = 0.8270, 95% CI, 0.7990–0.8514; p < 0.0001). The schistosomiasis prevalence determined by the LFIA strips was about 1.8 times greater than that obtained with the 6-slide KK procedure performed on three stool samples. Conclusions/Significance The developed LFIA represents a POC diagnostic tool that is suitable for onsite screening of human S. japonicum infection with minimal equipment needed. The established immunochromatographic assay complies with most of the WHO’s ASSURED criteria for POC diagnostics.
AB - Background Zoonotic schistosomiasis, caused by Schistosoma japonicum, is prevalent in China, the Philippines and Indonesia. Rapid point-of-care (POC) diagnostics are attractive and promising tools for evaluating the efficacy of intervention strategies for schistosomiasis control. Methodology The diagnostic potential of five recombinant antigens was tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using sera from individuals with positive Kato-Katz (KK) results for S. japonicum (n = 28) and non-endemic controls (n = 12). A latex microsphere (LM)-based lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA) incorporating the recombinant SjSAP4 (rSjSAP4) was developed for the diagnosis of schistosomiasis japonica. The test conditions including diluent, dilution factor and reaction time, were optimised for the developed LFIA. Under the optimised conditions, serum samples from individuals living in a barangay endemic for S. japonicum (n = 549) and non-endemic controls (n = 50) were tested with the established LFIA cassettes. The results were imaged by a smartphone and analysed by the ImageJ program. The intensity ratio of the test line to the control line (T/C ratio) was calculated for each cassette. Main findings ELISA confirmed that rSjSAP4 was the optimal candidate for serological diagnosis of schistosomiasis japonica. Under optimal testing conditions, the developed LFIA strips had a sensitivity of 80.6% and a specificity of 98.0% at a cut-off T/C ratio of 0.1031. Moreover, the results of the LM-based LFIA was positively correlated with those obtained from the rSjSAP4-ELISA (r = 0.8270, 95% CI, 0.7990–0.8514; p < 0.0001). The schistosomiasis prevalence determined by the LFIA strips was about 1.8 times greater than that obtained with the 6-slide KK procedure performed on three stool samples. Conclusions/Significance The developed LFIA represents a POC diagnostic tool that is suitable for onsite screening of human S. japonicum infection with minimal equipment needed. The established immunochromatographic assay complies with most of the WHO’s ASSURED criteria for POC diagnostics.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85215146480&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1371/journal.pntd.0012742
DO - 10.1371/journal.pntd.0012742
M3 - Article
C2 - 39680611
AN - SCOPUS:85215146480
SN - 1935-2727
VL - 18
JO - PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases
JF - PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases
IS - 12
M1 - e0012742
ER -