Donkey trade: Challenges to sustaining mutualism in rural Pakistan

Muhammad A. Kavesh*

*Corresponding author for this work

    Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

    Abstract

    The Pakistani government's decision to export thousands of donkeys to China to manufacture Chinese traditional medicine (ejiao) threatens the interdependence between donkeys and their keepers. This article seeks to unravel the mutualism between humans and donkeys in rural South Punjab and examines how forces of globalism and capitalism commodify the equine through parasitic disregard.

    Original languageEnglish
    Pages (from-to)19-22
    Number of pages4
    JournalAnthropology Today
    Volume39
    Issue number1
    DOIs
    Publication statusPublished - Feb 2023

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