TY - JOUR
T1 - Experimental Analysis of Cross-Layer Optimization for Distributed Wireless Body-to-Body Networks
AU - Shimly, Samiya M.
AU - Smith, David B.
AU - Movassaghi, Samaneh
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2001-2012 IEEE.
PY - 2019/12/15
Y1 - 2019/12/15
N2 - We investigate the performance of cross-layer optimized routing across distributed wireless body-to-body networks (BBNs), based on real-life experimental measurements. Two types of dynamic routing are analyzed: shortest path routing (SPR), and cooperative multi-path routing (CMR) associated with selection combining. An open-access experimental dataset incorporating 'everyday' mixed-activities is used for analyzing and comparing the cross-layer optimized routing protocols with different wireless sensor network protocols, i.e., ORPL and LOADng, and also with a standard star topology routing within a BBN (multiple, connected, body area networks). Negligible packet error rate is achieved by applying CMR and SPR techniques with reasonably sensitive receivers. Moreover, at 10% outage probability, CMR gains up to 12, 8, 7, and 6 dB improvements over star topology routing, ORPL, SPR, and LOADng, respectively. We show that CMR achieves the highest throughput (packets/s) while providing acceptable end-to-end delay with 95 ms maximum, at -100 dBm receive sensitivity. The use of an alternate path in CMR reduces retransmissions and increases the packet success rate, which significantly reduces the end-to-end delay and energy consumption for CMR with respect to the other protocols. It is also shown that the combined channel gains across SPR and CMR are gamma and Rician distributed, respectively.
AB - We investigate the performance of cross-layer optimized routing across distributed wireless body-to-body networks (BBNs), based on real-life experimental measurements. Two types of dynamic routing are analyzed: shortest path routing (SPR), and cooperative multi-path routing (CMR) associated with selection combining. An open-access experimental dataset incorporating 'everyday' mixed-activities is used for analyzing and comparing the cross-layer optimized routing protocols with different wireless sensor network protocols, i.e., ORPL and LOADng, and also with a standard star topology routing within a BBN (multiple, connected, body area networks). Negligible packet error rate is achieved by applying CMR and SPR techniques with reasonably sensitive receivers. Moreover, at 10% outage probability, CMR gains up to 12, 8, 7, and 6 dB improvements over star topology routing, ORPL, SPR, and LOADng, respectively. We show that CMR achieves the highest throughput (packets/s) while providing acceptable end-to-end delay with 95 ms maximum, at -100 dBm receive sensitivity. The use of an alternate path in CMR reduces retransmissions and increases the packet success rate, which significantly reduces the end-to-end delay and energy consumption for CMR with respect to the other protocols. It is also shown that the combined channel gains across SPR and CMR are gamma and Rician distributed, respectively.
KW - BANs
KW - BBNs
KW - Cross-layer optimization
KW - IEEE 802.15.6
KW - any-to-any routing
KW - body-to-body communications
KW - multi-path routing
KW - wireless body area networks
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85076360027&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1109/JSEN.2019.2937356
DO - 10.1109/JSEN.2019.2937356
M3 - Article
SN - 1530-437X
VL - 19
SP - 12494
EP - 12509
JO - IEEE Sensors Journal
JF - IEEE Sensors Journal
IS - 24
M1 - 8812692
ER -