Explaining Party Support in the 2016 Russian State Duma Election

Because of the predicable outcomes of recent Russian elections, voters are often characterized as passive actors in the electoral process. However, as we show in this article, political and social factors still underpin the motivations for people's voting behavior. The article analyzes voting behavior in the 2016 State Duma election, using a post-election, nationally representative survey to assess the differences between the four parliamentary parties' support bases. It finds that voting decisions in the 2016 election were strongly related to voters' attitudes to the national president, Vladimir Putin, as well as to their attitudes to corruption and the economic situation. Voters who were more positive to the president and viewed the economic crisis more benignly were more likely to vote for the 'party of power', United Russia. Moreover, the four parties' electorates had distinctive social profiles that were consistent with long-term patterns established in previous State Duma elections.