TY - JOUR
T1 - Health risk factors and the incidence of hypertension
T2 - 4-Year prospective findings from a national cohort of 60 569 Thai Open University students
AU - Thawornchaisit, Prasutr
AU - De Looze, Ferdinandus
AU - Reid, Christopher M.
AU - Seubsman, Sam Ang
AU - Sleigh, Adrian C.
AU - Chokhanapitak, Jaruwan
AU - Hounthasarn, Suttanit
AU - Khamman, Suwanee
AU - Pandee, Daoruang
AU - Pangsap, Suttinan
AU - Prapamontol, Tippawan
AU - Puengson, Janya
AU - Somboonsook, Boonchai
AU - Sripaiboonkij, Nintita
AU - Somsamai, Pathumvadee
AU - Vilainerun, Duangkae
AU - Wimonwattanaphan, Wanee
AU - Pachanee, Cha Aim
AU - Tangmunkongvorakul, Arunrat
AU - Tawatsupa, Benjawan
AU - Rimpeekool, Wimalin
AU - Bain, Chris
AU - Banks, Emily
AU - Banwell, Cathy
AU - Caldwell, Bruce
AU - Carmichael, Gordon
AU - Dellora, Tarie
AU - Dixon, Jane
AU - Friel, Sharon
AU - Harley, David
AU - Kelly, Matthew
AU - Kjellstrom, Tord
AU - Lim, Lynette
AU - McMichael, Anthony
AU - Mark, Tanya
AU - Strazdins, Lyndall
AU - Yiengprugsawan, Vasoontara
AU - Jordan, Susan
AU - Berecki-Gisolf, Janneke
AU - McClure, Rod
PY - 2013
Y1 - 2013
N2 - Objective: This study evaluates the impact of a number of demographic, biological, behavioural and lifestyle health risk factors on the incidence of hypertension in Thailand over a 4-year period. Design: A 4-year prospective study of health risk factors and their effects on the incidence of hypertension in a national Thai Cohort Study from 2005 to 2009. Setting: As Thailand is transitioning from a developing to a middle-income developed country, chronic diseases (particularly cardiovascular disease) have emerged as major health issues. Hypertension is a major risk factor for heart attack and stroke and cross-sectional studies have indicated that the prevalence is increasing. Study participants: A total of 57 558 Sukhothai Thammathirat Open University students who participated in both the 2005 and 2009 questionnaire surveys and who were normotensive in 2005 were included in the analysis. Measures: Adjusted relative risks associating each risk factor and incidence of hypertension by sex, after controlling for confounders such as age, socioeconomic status, body mass index (BMI) and underlying diseases. Results: The overall 4-year incidence of hypertension was 3.5%, with the rate in men being remarkably higher than that in women (5.2% vs 2.1%). In both sexes, hypertension was associated with age, higher BMI and comorbidities but not with income and education. In men, hypertension was associated with physical inactivity, smoking, alcohol and fast food intake. In women, hypertension was related to having a partner. Conclusions: In both men and women, hypertension was strongly associated with age, obesity and comorbidities while it had no association with socioeconomic factors. The cohort patterns of socioeconomy and hypertension reflect that the health risk transition in Thais is likely to be at the middle stage. Diet and lifestyle factors associate with incidence of hypertension in Thais and may be amenable targets for hypertension control programmes.
AB - Objective: This study evaluates the impact of a number of demographic, biological, behavioural and lifestyle health risk factors on the incidence of hypertension in Thailand over a 4-year period. Design: A 4-year prospective study of health risk factors and their effects on the incidence of hypertension in a national Thai Cohort Study from 2005 to 2009. Setting: As Thailand is transitioning from a developing to a middle-income developed country, chronic diseases (particularly cardiovascular disease) have emerged as major health issues. Hypertension is a major risk factor for heart attack and stroke and cross-sectional studies have indicated that the prevalence is increasing. Study participants: A total of 57 558 Sukhothai Thammathirat Open University students who participated in both the 2005 and 2009 questionnaire surveys and who were normotensive in 2005 were included in the analysis. Measures: Adjusted relative risks associating each risk factor and incidence of hypertension by sex, after controlling for confounders such as age, socioeconomic status, body mass index (BMI) and underlying diseases. Results: The overall 4-year incidence of hypertension was 3.5%, with the rate in men being remarkably higher than that in women (5.2% vs 2.1%). In both sexes, hypertension was associated with age, higher BMI and comorbidities but not with income and education. In men, hypertension was associated with physical inactivity, smoking, alcohol and fast food intake. In women, hypertension was related to having a partner. Conclusions: In both men and women, hypertension was strongly associated with age, obesity and comorbidities while it had no association with socioeconomic factors. The cohort patterns of socioeconomy and hypertension reflect that the health risk transition in Thais is likely to be at the middle stage. Diet and lifestyle factors associate with incidence of hypertension in Thais and may be amenable targets for hypertension control programmes.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84879920195&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1136/bmjopen-2013-002826
DO - 10.1136/bmjopen-2013-002826
M3 - Article
SN - 2044-6055
VL - 3
JO - BMJ Open
JF - BMJ Open
IS - 6
M1 - e002826
ER -