Hyperspectral video restoration using optical flow and sparse coding

Hyperspectral video acquisition is a trade-off between spectral and temporal resolution. We present an algorithm for recovering dense hyperspectral video of dynamic scenes from a few measured multispectral bands per frame using optical flow and sparse coding. Different set of bands are measured in each video frame and optical flow is used to register them. Optical flow errors are corrected by exploiting sparsity in the spectra and the spatial correlation between images of a scene at different wavelengths. A redundant dictionary of atoms is learned that can sparsely approximate training spectra. The restoration of correct spectra is formulated as an ℓ₁ convex optimization problem that minimizes a Mahalanobis-like weighted distance between the restored and corrupt signals as well as the restored signal and the median of the eight connected neighbours of the corrupt signal such that the restored signal is a sparse linear combination of the dictionary atoms. Spectral restoration is followed by spatial restoration using a guided dictionary approach where one dictionary is learned for measured bands and another for a band that is to be spatially restored. By constraining the sparse coding coefficients of both dictionaries to be the same, the restoration of corrupt band is guided by the more reliable measured bands. Experiments on real data and comparison with an existing volumetric image denoising technique shows the superiority of our algorithm.