@inproceedings{dab11eb7f74d4dff8fb33d8f2855ed9a,
title = "Impurities in solar-grade silicon",
abstract = "Unintentional impurities can play a significant role in reducing the efficiency of crystalline silicon solar cells. With the advent of low-cost solar-grade silicon feedstocks, this is likely to remain the case well into the future. The purpose of this paper is to review the most important impurities in directionally-solidified ingot-grown multicrystalline silicon, their chemical states, where they come from, and the most commonly used techniques to detect them.",
keywords = "Metallic impurities, Photovoltaics, Silicon",
author = "D. Macdonald and J. Tan",
year = "2008",
doi = "10.1117/12.753494",
language = "English",
isbn = "9780819469717",
series = "Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering",
booktitle = "Device and Process Technologies for Microelectronics, MEMS, Photonics, and Nanotechnology IV",
note = "Device and Process Technologies for Microelectronics, MEMS, Photonics, and Nanotechnology IV ; Conference date: 05-12-2007 Through 07-12-2007",
}