Interface between cognition and interaction: In the case of Japanese

Interface between cognition and intenacüon: In the of ehpanese. Journal of International Studies 16. Spoken conversation (spontaneo.ls convetsation) is based on collaborative work between the conversation pafticipants, and commenced and nnintained through the immediate and direct interaction between them. Thus, uüe in written language, which does not involve the immediate and direct reaction of the reader so that the may concentrate on developing the contents of his/her text, in spoken conversation a speaker does not only convey the textual meaning of the utterance, but also indicates his/her concerns for the conversation partner in a variety of ways. The current study will demonstrate that responsive tokens, fillers, sentence-final particles ne and yo, and particle omission are a manifestation of the speaker's such concerns for the partner in Japanese. The study will further show that these markers and strategies are operated in close connection with the cognitive aspect of the utterance.