Internship-related learning outcomes and their influential factors: The case of Vietnamese tourism and hospitality students

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to explore the experiences of Tourism and Hospitality interns in Vietnam to identify dimensions of internship-related learning outcomes and factors influencing these learning outcomes. Design/methodology/approach: In total, 12 in-depth interviews were conducted with 12 interns to identify the dimensions of internship-related learning outcomes. Following the interview, an online survey, which was designed based on the results of content analysis of the interviews, was used to collect data from 319 interns from ten Vietnamese universities. Exploratory factor analysis, descriptive statistical analysis, independent samples t-tests, and one-way ANOVA tests were used to find answers to the research issues. Findings: Qualitative and quantitative analysis showed that from the students’ perspective, internships helped them consolidate the existing knowledge and skills, further develop relevant professional skills, shape their career paths, and change their learning attitudes and behaviors. The analysis also indicated that student engagement and the extent to which they are involved in tasks during the internships could influence the learning outcomes they gained from the internships. Research limitations/implications: This study completely relied on students’ perceptions and ratings. Practical implications: The study findings indicate that universities need to pay greater attention to student engagement. By encouraging collaboration between interns and their mentors and organizing activities for interns to utilize their knowledge, universities will improve students’ learning experience during the internship. Originality/value: This mixed-method study expands our understanding about internship-related learning outcomes and influential factors using the perspectives of interns in a developing country. It has important implications for higher education institutions and students to improve the effectiveness of internships.