TY - GEN
T1 - Investigation of the second hyperpolarizability of Ru-alkynyl complexes by z-scan and nonlinear scattering
AU - Van Steerteghem, Nick
AU - Van Cleuvenbergen, Stijn
AU - Shah, Noor Aisyah Ahmad
AU - Humphrey, Mark G.
AU - Verbiest, Thierry
AU - Clays, Koen
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2016 SPIE.
PY - 2016
Y1 - 2016
N2 - Present-day methods for determining the performance of third-order nonlinear optical materials include Z-scan, degenerate four-wave mixing and third-harmonic generation (THG). All these techniques possess severe drawbacks; for example, in THG, since all media (air and glass walls of the cell) present a third-order effect, eliminating these contributions requires careful, complex analysis or use of vacuum chambers. We have developed nonlinear scattering as a sensitive, straightforward technique for determining the second hyperpolarizability of samples in solution. Herein, we will for the first time show the applicability of the technique to measure organometallic Ru-complexes, optimized for high nonlinear responses. The investigated compounds showed a significant second hyperpolarizability |γ|, ranging from 1.1 for the least efficient to 2.8 · 10-33 esu for the most efficient molecule, and comparable to fullerene C60 in thin films. It was deemed infeasible to extract hyperpolarizabilities using a high-frequency femtosecond laser source by a modified z-scan setup, which, in contrast to nonlinear scattering, could not account for the high degree of thermal lensing present in the investigated compounds.
AB - Present-day methods for determining the performance of third-order nonlinear optical materials include Z-scan, degenerate four-wave mixing and third-harmonic generation (THG). All these techniques possess severe drawbacks; for example, in THG, since all media (air and glass walls of the cell) present a third-order effect, eliminating these contributions requires careful, complex analysis or use of vacuum chambers. We have developed nonlinear scattering as a sensitive, straightforward technique for determining the second hyperpolarizability of samples in solution. Herein, we will for the first time show the applicability of the technique to measure organometallic Ru-complexes, optimized for high nonlinear responses. The investigated compounds showed a significant second hyperpolarizability |γ|, ranging from 1.1 for the least efficient to 2.8 · 10-33 esu for the most efficient molecule, and comparable to fullerene C60 in thin films. It was deemed infeasible to extract hyperpolarizabilities using a high-frequency femtosecond laser source by a modified z-scan setup, which, in contrast to nonlinear scattering, could not account for the high degree of thermal lensing present in the investigated compounds.
KW - nonlinear optics
KW - nonlinear refractive index
KW - nonlinear scattering
KW - second hyperpolarizability
KW - z-scan
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85010908809&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1117/12.2237203
DO - 10.1117/12.2237203
M3 - Conference contribution
T3 - Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering
BT - Light Manipulating Organic Materials and Devices III
A2 - Haley, Joy E.
A2 - Eich, Manfred
A2 - Schuller, Jon A.
A2 - Nunzi, Jean-Michel
PB - SPIE
T2 - Light Manipulating Organic Materials and Devices III
Y2 - 31 August 2016 through 1 September 2016
ER -