Magnetic coupling and intermetallic electron transfer in the heterodinuclear bioctahedral complexes MW^IIICl₉^n- (M = V^II, Cr^III, Mn^IV): Tweaking the balance between ferromagnetism and antiferromagnetism

Density functional theory (DFT) calculations have been used to investigate the effect of intermetallic electron transfer on the mode of magnetic coupling in the face-shared bimetallic complexes MWCI₉^n- (M = V, Cr, Mn; all with a nominal d³ valence electronic configuration on each metal atom). These calculations illustrate a simple rule: when the oxidation state of M is lower than that of W, antiferromagnetic coupling is preferred, while ferromagnetism (via crossed exchange pathways) is favored when M has the higher oxidation state. This underlying trend in intermetallic interactions is seen to depend on the interplay among ligand field splitting, spin polarization splitting of α- and β-spin orbitals, and the relative energies of the M and W valence d orbitals, and is mirrored in the results seen in a wider survey of mixed-metal, face-shared complexes.