TY - CHAP
T1 - Measurement of surface-soil hydraulic properties
T2 - Disk permeameters, tension infiltrometers, and other techniques
AU - White, Ian
AU - Sully, Michael J.
AU - Perroux, Keith M.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 1992 by the Soil Science Society of America, Inc.
PY - 1992
Y1 - 1992
N2 - In this chapter we describe the development of in situ techniques to measure the hydraulic properties of the soil surface and to assess quantitatively the contributions of preferential flow paths to, and the impact of soil management practices on water entry into field soils. Both confined, one-dimensional techniques (tension infiltrometers, rainfall, sprinkler, and drip infiltrometers) and unconfined, threedimensional methods (the disk permeameter and multi-sized surface sources) are discussed. The assumptions and theory underpinning their use are presented. Applications of the three-dimensional techniques to measure sorptivity, S0; hydraulic conductivity, K0; and the hydraulic conductivity relation, K(Ψ), are given. Measurements of the soil structural parameters; mean characteristic pore size, λ0 and macroporosity area, AM are described. The relevance of these parameters to water entry, erosion, and plant growth are demonstrated. The limitations of all techniques are also discussed.
AB - In this chapter we describe the development of in situ techniques to measure the hydraulic properties of the soil surface and to assess quantitatively the contributions of preferential flow paths to, and the impact of soil management practices on water entry into field soils. Both confined, one-dimensional techniques (tension infiltrometers, rainfall, sprinkler, and drip infiltrometers) and unconfined, threedimensional methods (the disk permeameter and multi-sized surface sources) are discussed. The assumptions and theory underpinning their use are presented. Applications of the three-dimensional techniques to measure sorptivity, S0; hydraulic conductivity, K0; and the hydraulic conductivity relation, K(Ψ), are given. Measurements of the soil structural parameters; mean characteristic pore size, λ0 and macroporosity area, AM are described. The relevance of these parameters to water entry, erosion, and plant growth are demonstrated. The limitations of all techniques are also discussed.
KW - Disk permeameters
KW - Drip infiltrometers
KW - Infiltration measurements
KW - Multi-sized surface sources
KW - Rainfallsoil management practices
KW - Sorptivity
KW - Sprinkler
KW - Surface-soil hydraulic properties
KW - Tension infiltrometers
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85104305168&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.2136/sssaspecpub30.c5
DO - 10.2136/sssaspecpub30.c5
M3 - Chapter
AN - SCOPUS:85104305168
SN - 9780891188018
SP - 69
EP - 103
BT - Advances in Measurement of Soil Physical Properties
PB - Wiley
ER -