@inproceedings{6ef523fbd1c64b9aaf928a97e3840639,
title = "N-type multicrystalline silicon: A stable, high lifetime material",
abstract = "An investigation of n-type multicrystalline silicon grown by directional solidification has produced several important findings: i) demonstration of effective phosphorus gettering; ii) achievement of minority carrier lifetimes above one millisecond; iii) verification of good stability under illumination. The lifetimes after gettering show a strong dependence on doping: 1.6ms for 2.3Ωcm, 500μs for 0.9Ωcm and 100μs for 0.36Ωcm, respectively. Lifetime mapping by infrared carrier density imaging has revealed a large surface variability of this parameter, which is detrimental for large area devices. A minor degradation of the lifetime after light exposure has been observed for the highest lifetime regions, while other wafers and regions remained essentially stable.",
author = "A. Cuevas and S. Riepe and Kerr, {M. J.} and Macdonald, {D. H.} and G. Coletti and F. Ferrazza",
year = "2003",
language = "English",
isbn = "4990181603",
series = "Proceedings of the 3rd World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion",
pages = "1312--1315",
editor = "K. Kurokawa and L.L. Kazmerski and B. McNeils and M. Yamaguchi and C. Wronski",
booktitle = "Proceddings of the 3rd World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion",
note = "Proceddings of the 3rd World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion ; Conference date: 11-05-2003 Through 18-05-2003",
}