Negative Imaginary Lemmas for Descriptor Systems

This technical note studies the negative imaginary properties of descriptor linear systems based on state-space realizations. Under the assumption of a minimal realization, necessary and sufficient conditions are established to characterize the negative imaginary properties of descriptor systems in terms of linear matrix inequalities with equality constraints. In particular, a negative imaginary lemma, a strict negative imaginary lemma and a lossless negative imaginary lemma are developed. A multiple-input and multiple-output RLC circuit network is used as an illustrative example to validate the developed theory.