TY - JOUR
T1 - Non-oxidized cellulose nanofibers as a topical hemostat
T2 - In vitro thromboelastometry studies of structure vs function
AU - Mohamed, Elmira
AU - Coupland, Lucy A.
AU - Crispin, Philip J.
AU - Fitzgerald, Ailene
AU - Nisbet, David R.
AU - Tsuzuki, Takuya
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 Elsevier Ltd
PY - 2021/8/1
Y1 - 2021/8/1
N2 - Hemorrhage remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality following trauma and during complex surgeries. A variety of nanomaterials, including oxidized cellulose nanofibers (OCNFs), have been studied to overcome the disadvantages of current commercial topical hemostats. However, the relationship between nano-structural characteristics and hemostatic efficacy of non-oxidized cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) has not been elucidated. Herein, we present the first report of the correlation between structure and hemostatic performance of CNFs. In vitro thromboelastometry studies on CNFs, synthesized by ball-milling, showed that there is an optimum balance point between the aspect ratio (AR) and specific surface area (SSA) of nanofibers in terms of their maximum contribution to platelet function and plasma coagulation. The optimized CNFs with high SSA (17 m2/g) and a high AR (166) shortened normal whole blood clotting time by 68 %, outperforming cellulose-based hemostats. Additionally, CNFs reduced clotting time in platelet-deficient blood (by 80 %) and heparinized blood (by 54 %).
AB - Hemorrhage remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality following trauma and during complex surgeries. A variety of nanomaterials, including oxidized cellulose nanofibers (OCNFs), have been studied to overcome the disadvantages of current commercial topical hemostats. However, the relationship between nano-structural characteristics and hemostatic efficacy of non-oxidized cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) has not been elucidated. Herein, we present the first report of the correlation between structure and hemostatic performance of CNFs. In vitro thromboelastometry studies on CNFs, synthesized by ball-milling, showed that there is an optimum balance point between the aspect ratio (AR) and specific surface area (SSA) of nanofibers in terms of their maximum contribution to platelet function and plasma coagulation. The optimized CNFs with high SSA (17 m2/g) and a high AR (166) shortened normal whole blood clotting time by 68 %, outperforming cellulose-based hemostats. Additionally, CNFs reduced clotting time in platelet-deficient blood (by 80 %) and heparinized blood (by 54 %).
KW - Ball-milling
KW - Blood-material interaction
KW - Green hemostatic material
KW - In vitro thromboelastometry
KW - Non-oxidized cellulose nanofibers
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85104390066&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118043
DO - 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118043
M3 - Article
SN - 0144-8617
VL - 265
JO - Carbohydrate Polymers
JF - Carbohydrate Polymers
M1 - 118043
ER -