TY - JOUR
T1 - Observational evidence for a broken Li Spite plateau and mass-dependent Li depletion
AU - Meléndez, J.
AU - Casagrande, L.
AU - Ramírez, I.
AU - Asplund, M.
AU - Schuster, W. J.
PY - 2010/6/15
Y1 - 2010/6/15
N2 - We present NLTE Li abundances for 88 stars in the metallicity range-3.5 < [Fe/H] <-1.0. The effective temperatures are based on the infrared flux method with improved E(B-V) values obtained mostly from interstellar Na I D lines. The Li abundances were derived through MARCS models and high-quality UVES+VLT, HIRES+Keck and FIES+NOT spectra, and complemented with reliable equivalent widths from the literature. The less-depleted stars with [Fe/H] <-2.5 and [Fe/H] >-2.5 fall into two well-defined plateaus of A Li = 2.18 (σ = 0.04) and ALi = 2.27 (σ = 0.05), respectively. We show that the two plateaus are flat, unlike previous claims for a steep monotonic decrease in Li abundances with decreasing metallicities. At all metallicities we uncover a fine-structure in the Li abundances of Spite plateau stars, which we trace to Li depletion that depends on both metallicity and mass. Models including atomic diffusion and turbulent mixing seem to reproduce the observed Li depletion assuming a primordial Li abundance ALi = 2.64, which agrees well with current predictions (ALi = 2.72) from standard Big Bang nucleosynthesis. Adopting the Kurucz overshooting model atmospheres increases the Li abundance by +0.08 dex to ALi = 2.72, which perfectly agrees with BBN+WMAP.
AB - We present NLTE Li abundances for 88 stars in the metallicity range-3.5 < [Fe/H] <-1.0. The effective temperatures are based on the infrared flux method with improved E(B-V) values obtained mostly from interstellar Na I D lines. The Li abundances were derived through MARCS models and high-quality UVES+VLT, HIRES+Keck and FIES+NOT spectra, and complemented with reliable equivalent widths from the literature. The less-depleted stars with [Fe/H] <-2.5 and [Fe/H] >-2.5 fall into two well-defined plateaus of A Li = 2.18 (σ = 0.04) and ALi = 2.27 (σ = 0.05), respectively. We show that the two plateaus are flat, unlike previous claims for a steep monotonic decrease in Li abundances with decreasing metallicities. At all metallicities we uncover a fine-structure in the Li abundances of Spite plateau stars, which we trace to Li depletion that depends on both metallicity and mass. Models including atomic diffusion and turbulent mixing seem to reproduce the observed Li depletion assuming a primordial Li abundance ALi = 2.64, which agrees well with current predictions (ALi = 2.72) from standard Big Bang nucleosynthesis. Adopting the Kurucz overshooting model atmospheres increases the Li abundance by +0.08 dex to ALi = 2.72, which perfectly agrees with BBN+WMAP.
KW - Cosmology: observations
KW - Nuclear reactions, nucleosynthesis, abundances
KW - Stars: Population II
KW - Stars: abundances
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=77953642824&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1051/0004-6361/200913047
DO - 10.1051/0004-6361/200913047
M3 - Article
SN - 0004-6361
VL - 515
JO - Astronomy and Astrophysics
JF - Astronomy and Astrophysics
IS - 11
M1 - L3
ER -