PHANGS-JWST First Results: Multiwavelength View of Feedback-driven Bubbles (the Phantom Voids) across NGC 628

Ashley T. Barnes; Elizabeth J. Watkins; Sharon E. Meidt; Kathryn Kreckel; Mattia C. Sormani; Robin G. Treß; Simon C.O. Glover; Frank Bigiel; Rupali Chandar; Eric Emsellem; Janice C. Lee; Adam K. Leroy; Karin M. Sandstrom; Eva Schinnerer; Erik Rosolowsky; Francesco Belfiore; Guillermo A. Blanc; Médéric Boquien; Jakob den Brok; Yixian Cao; Mélanie Chevance; Daniel A. Dale; Oleg V. Egorov; Cosima Eibensteiner; Kathryn Grasha; Brent Groves; Hamid Hassani; Jonathan D. Henshaw; Sarah Jeffreson; María J. Jiménez-Donaire; Benjamin W. Keller; Ralf S. Klessen; Eric W. Koch; J. M.Diederik Kruijssen; Kirsten L. Larson; Jing Li; Daizhong Liu; Laura A. Lopez; Eric J. Murphy; Lukas Neumann; Jérôme Pety; Francesca Pinna; Miguel Querejeta; Florent Renaud; Toshiki Saito; Sumit K. Sarbadhicary; Amy Sardone; Rowan J. Smith; Sophia K. Stuber; Jiayi Sun; David A. Thilker; Antonio Usero; Bradley C. Whitmore; Thomas G. Williams

doi:10.3847/2041-8213/aca7b9

PHANGS-JWST First Results: Multiwavelength View of Feedback-driven Bubbles (the Phantom Voids) across NGC 628

Ashley T. Barnes^*, Elizabeth J. Watkins, Sharon E. Meidt, Kathryn Kreckel, Mattia C. Sormani, Robin G. Treß, Simon C.O. Glover, Frank Bigiel, Rupali Chandar, Eric Emsellem, Janice C. Lee, Adam K. Leroy, Karin M. Sandstrom, Eva Schinnerer, Erik Rosolowsky, Francesco Belfiore, Guillermo A. Blanc, Médéric Boquien, Jakob den Brok, Yixian CaoMélanie Chevance, Daniel A. Dale, Oleg V. Egorov, Cosima Eibensteiner, Kathryn Grasha, Brent Groves, Hamid Hassani, Jonathan D. Henshaw, Sarah Jeffreson, María J. Jiménez-Donaire, Benjamin W. Keller, Ralf S. Klessen, Eric W. Koch, J. M.Diederik Kruijssen, Kirsten L. Larson, Jing Li, Daizhong Liu, Laura A. Lopez, Eric J. Murphy, Lukas Neumann, Jérôme Pety, Francesca Pinna, Miguel Querejeta, Florent Renaud, Toshiki Saito, Sumit K. Sarbadhicary, Amy Sardone, Rowan J. Smith, Sophia K. Stuber, Jiayi Sun, David A. Thilker, Antonio Usero, Bradley C. Whitmore, Thomas G. Williams

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

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Abstract

We present a high-resolution view of bubbles within the Phantom Galaxy (NGC 628), a nearby (∼10 Mpc), star-forming (∼2 M _⊙ yr⁻¹), face-on (i ∼ 9°) grand-design spiral galaxy. With new data obtained as part of the Physics at High Angular resolution in Nearby GalaxieS (PHANGS)-JWST treasury program, we perform a detailed case study of two regions of interest, one of which contains the largest and most prominent bubble in the galaxy (the Phantom Void, over 1 kpc in diameter), and the other being a smaller region that may be the precursor to such a large bubble (the Precursor Phantom Void). When comparing to matched-resolution Hα observations from the Hubble Space Telescope, we see that the ionized gas is brightest in the shells of both bubbles, and is coincident with the youngest (∼1 Myr) and most massive (∼10⁵ M _⊙) stellar associations. We also find an older generation (∼20 Myr) of stellar associations is present within the bubble of the Phantom Void. From our kinematic analysis of the H I, H₂ (CO), and H ii gas across the Phantom Void, we infer a high expansion speed of around 15 to 50 km s⁻¹. The large size and high expansion speed of the Phantom Void suggest that the driving mechanism is sustained stellar feedback due to multiple mechanisms, where early feedback first cleared a bubble (as we observe now in the Precursor Phantom Void), and since then supernovae have been exploding within the cavity and have accelerated the shell. Finally, comparison to simulations shows a striking resemblance to our JWST observations, and suggests that such large-scale, stellar-feedback-driven bubbles should be common within other galaxies.

Original language	English
Article number	L22
Journal	Astrophysical Journal Letters
Volume	944
Issue number	2
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/aca7b9
Publication status	Published - 1 Feb 2023

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Barnes, A. T., Watkins, E. J., Meidt, S. E., Kreckel, K., Sormani, M. C., Treß, R. G., Glover, S. C. O., Bigiel, F., Chandar, R., Emsellem, E., Lee, J. C., Leroy, A. K., Sandstrom, K. M., Schinnerer, E., Rosolowsky, E., Belfiore, F., Blanc, G. A., Boquien, M., Brok, J. D., ... Williams, T. G. (2023). PHANGS-JWST First Results: Multiwavelength View of Feedback-driven Bubbles (the Phantom Voids) across NGC 628. Astrophysical Journal Letters, 944(2), Article L22. https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/aca7b9

@article{930ea80fdc9b45adb44ac195e8d38969,

title = "PHANGS-JWST First Results: Multiwavelength View of Feedback-driven Bubbles (the Phantom Voids) across NGC 628",

abstract = "We present a high-resolution view of bubbles within the Phantom Galaxy (NGC 628), a nearby (∼10 Mpc), star-forming (∼2 M ⊙ yr−1), face-on (i ∼ 9°) grand-design spiral galaxy. With new data obtained as part of the Physics at High Angular resolution in Nearby GalaxieS (PHANGS)-JWST treasury program, we perform a detailed case study of two regions of interest, one of which contains the largest and most prominent bubble in the galaxy (the Phantom Void, over 1 kpc in diameter), and the other being a smaller region that may be the precursor to such a large bubble (the Precursor Phantom Void). When comparing to matched-resolution Hα observations from the Hubble Space Telescope, we see that the ionized gas is brightest in the shells of both bubbles, and is coincident with the youngest (∼1 Myr) and most massive (∼105 M ⊙) stellar associations. We also find an older generation (∼20 Myr) of stellar associations is present within the bubble of the Phantom Void. From our kinematic analysis of the H I, H2 (CO), and H ii gas across the Phantom Void, we infer a high expansion speed of around 15 to 50 km s−1. The large size and high expansion speed of the Phantom Void suggest that the driving mechanism is sustained stellar feedback due to multiple mechanisms, where early feedback first cleared a bubble (as we observe now in the Precursor Phantom Void), and since then supernovae have been exploding within the cavity and have accelerated the shell. Finally, comparison to simulations shows a striking resemblance to our JWST observations, and suggests that such large-scale, stellar-feedback-driven bubbles should be common within other galaxies.",

author = "Barnes, {Ashley T.} and Watkins, {Elizabeth J.} and Meidt, {Sharon E.} and Kathryn Kreckel and Sormani, {Mattia C.} and Tre{\ss}, {Robin G.} and Glover, {Simon C.O.} and Frank Bigiel and Rupali Chandar and Eric Emsellem and Lee, {Janice C.} and Leroy, {Adam K.} and Sandstrom, {Karin M.} and Eva Schinnerer and Erik Rosolowsky and Francesco Belfiore and Blanc, {Guillermo A.} and M{\'e}d{\'e}ric Boquien and Brok, {Jakob den} and Yixian Cao and M{\'e}lanie Chevance and Dale, {Daniel A.} and Egorov, {Oleg V.} and Cosima Eibensteiner and Kathryn Grasha and Brent Groves and Hamid Hassani and Henshaw, {Jonathan D.} and Sarah Jeffreson and Jim{\'e}nez-Donaire, {Mar{\'i}a J.} and Keller, {Benjamin W.} and Klessen, {Ralf S.} and Koch, {Eric W.} and Kruijssen, {J. M.Diederik} and Larson, {Kirsten L.} and Jing Li and Daizhong Liu and Lopez, {Laura A.} and Murphy, {Eric J.} and Lukas Neumann and J{\'e}r{\^o}me Pety and Francesca Pinna and Miguel Querejeta and Florent Renaud and Toshiki Saito and Sarbadhicary, {Sumit K.} and Amy Sardone and Smith, {Rowan J.} and Stuber, {Sophia K.} and Jiayi Sun and Thilker, {David A.} and Antonio Usero and Whitmore, {Bradley C.} and Williams, {Thomas G.}",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2023. The Author(s). Published by the American Astronomical Society.",

year = "2023",

month = feb,

day = "1",

doi = "10.3847/2041-8213/aca7b9",

language = "English",

volume = "944",

journal = "Astrophysical Journal Letters",

issn = "2041-8205",

publisher = "American Astronomical Society",

number = "2",

}

Barnes, AT, Watkins, EJ, Meidt, SE, Kreckel, K, Sormani, MC, Treß, RG, Glover, SCO, Bigiel, F, Chandar, R, Emsellem, E, Lee, JC, Leroy, AK, Sandstrom, KM, Schinnerer, E, Rosolowsky, E, Belfiore, F, Blanc, GA, Boquien, M, Brok, JD, Cao, Y, Chevance, M, Dale, DA, Egorov, OV, Eibensteiner, C, Grasha, K, Groves, B, Hassani, H, Henshaw, JD, Jeffreson, S, Jiménez-Donaire, MJ, Keller, BW, Klessen, RS, Koch, EW, Kruijssen, JMD, Larson, KL, Li, J, Liu, D, Lopez, LA, Murphy, EJ, Neumann, L, Pety, J, Pinna, F, Querejeta, M, Renaud, F, Saito, T, Sarbadhicary, SK, Sardone, A, Smith, RJ, Stuber, SK, Sun, J, Thilker, DA, Usero, A, Whitmore, BC & Williams, TG 2023, 'PHANGS-JWST First Results: Multiwavelength View of Feedback-driven Bubbles (the Phantom Voids) across NGC 628', Astrophysical Journal Letters, vol. 944, no. 2, L22. https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/aca7b9

TY - JOUR

T1 - PHANGS-JWST First Results

T2 - Multiwavelength View of Feedback-driven Bubbles (the Phantom Voids) across NGC 628

AU - Barnes, Ashley T.

AU - Watkins, Elizabeth J.

AU - Meidt, Sharon E.

AU - Kreckel, Kathryn

AU - Sormani, Mattia C.

AU - Treß, Robin G.

AU - Glover, Simon C.O.

AU - Bigiel, Frank

AU - Chandar, Rupali

AU - Emsellem, Eric

AU - Lee, Janice C.

AU - Leroy, Adam K.

AU - Sandstrom, Karin M.

AU - Schinnerer, Eva

AU - Rosolowsky, Erik

AU - Belfiore, Francesco

AU - Blanc, Guillermo A.

AU - Boquien, Médéric

AU - Brok, Jakob den

AU - Cao, Yixian

AU - Chevance, Mélanie

AU - Dale, Daniel A.

AU - Egorov, Oleg V.

AU - Eibensteiner, Cosima

AU - Grasha, Kathryn

AU - Groves, Brent

AU - Hassani, Hamid

AU - Henshaw, Jonathan D.

AU - Jeffreson, Sarah

AU - Jiménez-Donaire, María J.

AU - Keller, Benjamin W.

AU - Klessen, Ralf S.

AU - Koch, Eric W.

AU - Kruijssen, J. M.Diederik

AU - Larson, Kirsten L.

AU - Li, Jing

AU - Liu, Daizhong

AU - Lopez, Laura A.

AU - Murphy, Eric J.

AU - Neumann, Lukas

AU - Pety, Jérôme

AU - Pinna, Francesca

AU - Querejeta, Miguel

AU - Renaud, Florent

AU - Saito, Toshiki

AU - Sarbadhicary, Sumit K.

AU - Sardone, Amy

AU - Smith, Rowan J.

AU - Stuber, Sophia K.

AU - Sun, Jiayi

AU - Thilker, David A.

AU - Usero, Antonio

AU - Whitmore, Bradley C.

AU - Williams, Thomas G.

PY - 2023/2/1

Y1 - 2023/2/1

N2 - We present a high-resolution view of bubbles within the Phantom Galaxy (NGC 628), a nearby (∼10 Mpc), star-forming (∼2 M ⊙ yr−1), face-on (i ∼ 9°) grand-design spiral galaxy. With new data obtained as part of the Physics at High Angular resolution in Nearby GalaxieS (PHANGS)-JWST treasury program, we perform a detailed case study of two regions of interest, one of which contains the largest and most prominent bubble in the galaxy (the Phantom Void, over 1 kpc in diameter), and the other being a smaller region that may be the precursor to such a large bubble (the Precursor Phantom Void). When comparing to matched-resolution Hα observations from the Hubble Space Telescope, we see that the ionized gas is brightest in the shells of both bubbles, and is coincident with the youngest (∼1 Myr) and most massive (∼105 M ⊙) stellar associations. We also find an older generation (∼20 Myr) of stellar associations is present within the bubble of the Phantom Void. From our kinematic analysis of the H I, H2 (CO), and H ii gas across the Phantom Void, we infer a high expansion speed of around 15 to 50 km s−1. The large size and high expansion speed of the Phantom Void suggest that the driving mechanism is sustained stellar feedback due to multiple mechanisms, where early feedback first cleared a bubble (as we observe now in the Precursor Phantom Void), and since then supernovae have been exploding within the cavity and have accelerated the shell. Finally, comparison to simulations shows a striking resemblance to our JWST observations, and suggests that such large-scale, stellar-feedback-driven bubbles should be common within other galaxies.

AB - We present a high-resolution view of bubbles within the Phantom Galaxy (NGC 628), a nearby (∼10 Mpc), star-forming (∼2 M ⊙ yr−1), face-on (i ∼ 9°) grand-design spiral galaxy. With new data obtained as part of the Physics at High Angular resolution in Nearby GalaxieS (PHANGS)-JWST treasury program, we perform a detailed case study of two regions of interest, one of which contains the largest and most prominent bubble in the galaxy (the Phantom Void, over 1 kpc in diameter), and the other being a smaller region that may be the precursor to such a large bubble (the Precursor Phantom Void). When comparing to matched-resolution Hα observations from the Hubble Space Telescope, we see that the ionized gas is brightest in the shells of both bubbles, and is coincident with the youngest (∼1 Myr) and most massive (∼105 M ⊙) stellar associations. We also find an older generation (∼20 Myr) of stellar associations is present within the bubble of the Phantom Void. From our kinematic analysis of the H I, H2 (CO), and H ii gas across the Phantom Void, we infer a high expansion speed of around 15 to 50 km s−1. The large size and high expansion speed of the Phantom Void suggest that the driving mechanism is sustained stellar feedback due to multiple mechanisms, where early feedback first cleared a bubble (as we observe now in the Precursor Phantom Void), and since then supernovae have been exploding within the cavity and have accelerated the shell. Finally, comparison to simulations shows a striking resemblance to our JWST observations, and suggests that such large-scale, stellar-feedback-driven bubbles should be common within other galaxies.

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85148700930&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.3847/2041-8213/aca7b9

DO - 10.3847/2041-8213/aca7b9

M3 - Article

SN - 2041-8205

VL - 944

JO - Astrophysical Journal Letters

JF - Astrophysical Journal Letters

IS - 2

M1 - L22

ER -

PHANGS-JWST First Results: Multiwavelength View of Feedback-driven Bubbles (the Phantom Voids) across NGC 628

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