Phase transformation and chemical decomposition of nanocrystalline SnO2 under heavy ion irradiation

Alex B. Cusick; Maik Lang; Fuxiang Zhang; Jiaming Zhang; Patrick Kluth; Christina Trautmann; Rodney C. Ewing

doi:10.1016/j.nimb.2017.05.037

Phase transformation and chemical decomposition of nanocrystalline SnO₂ under heavy ion irradiation

Alex B. Cusick
, Maik Lang
, Fuxiang Zhang
, Jiaming Zhang
, Patrick Kluth
, Christina Trautmann
, Rodney C. Ewing^*

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

7 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

A crystalline-to-crystalline phase transformation, including chemical decomposition, has been observed in SnO₂ nanopowder irradiated by 2.2 GeV ¹⁹⁷Au ions. X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to characterize the transformation from tetragonal SnO₂ (P4₂/mnm) to tetragonal SnO (P4/nmm), with trace quantities of β-Sn (I4₁/amd). At a fluence of approximately 2.0 × 10¹² ions/cm², diffraction maxima corresponding to SnO became clearly evident and increased in intensity as fluence increased. The proportion of SnO, as determined by Rietveld refinement of XRD data, reached 23.1 ± 0.8% at the maximum fluence investigated of 2.4 × 10¹³ ions/cm². Raman spectra show high photoluminescence (PL) intensity before and during initial SnO formation, indicating the importance of oxygen vacancies in the transformation process. Small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) analysis provided evidence of ion tracks, but no tracks were observed using high-resolution TEM (HRTEM). The transformation likely occurs through a multiple-impact mechanism, based on the accumulation of O vacancies, defect ordering, and partially localized Sn reduction.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	10-19
Number of pages	10
Journal	Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms
Volume	407
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nimb.2017.05.037
Publication status	Published - 15 Sept 2017

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@article{1ab3b6f5534844bc82a6b4d3768a248d,

title = "Phase transformation and chemical decomposition of nanocrystalline SnO2 under heavy ion irradiation",

abstract = "A crystalline-to-crystalline phase transformation, including chemical decomposition, has been observed in SnO2 nanopowder irradiated by 2.2 GeV 197Au ions. X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to characterize the transformation from tetragonal SnO2 (P42/mnm) to tetragonal SnO (P4/nmm), with trace quantities of β-Sn (I41/amd). At a fluence of approximately 2.0 × 1012 ions/cm2, diffraction maxima corresponding to SnO became clearly evident and increased in intensity as fluence increased. The proportion of SnO, as determined by Rietveld refinement of XRD data, reached 23.1 ± 0.8\% at the maximum fluence investigated of 2.4 × 1013 ions/cm2. Raman spectra show high photoluminescence (PL) intensity before and during initial SnO formation, indicating the importance of oxygen vacancies in the transformation process. Small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) analysis provided evidence of ion tracks, but no tracks were observed using high-resolution TEM (HRTEM). The transformation likely occurs through a multiple-impact mechanism, based on the accumulation of O vacancies, defect ordering, and partially localized Sn reduction.",

keywords = "Decomposition, Irradiation, Nanocrystalline, Phase transformation, Reduction, Swift heavy ions, Tin oxide",

author = "Cusick, \{Alex B.\} and Maik Lang and Fuxiang Zhang and Jiaming Zhang and Patrick Kluth and Christina Trautmann and Ewing, \{Rodney C.\}",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2017 Elsevier B.V.",

year = "2017",

month = sep,

day = "15",

doi = "10.1016/j.nimb.2017.05.037",

language = "English",

volume = "407",

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TY - JOUR

T1 - Phase transformation and chemical decomposition of nanocrystalline SnO2 under heavy ion irradiation

AU - Cusick, Alex B.

AU - Lang, Maik

AU - Zhang, Fuxiang

AU - Zhang, Jiaming

AU - Kluth, Patrick

AU - Trautmann, Christina

AU - Ewing, Rodney C.

PY - 2017/9/15

Y1 - 2017/9/15

N2 - A crystalline-to-crystalline phase transformation, including chemical decomposition, has been observed in SnO2 nanopowder irradiated by 2.2 GeV 197Au ions. X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to characterize the transformation from tetragonal SnO2 (P42/mnm) to tetragonal SnO (P4/nmm), with trace quantities of β-Sn (I41/amd). At a fluence of approximately 2.0 × 1012 ions/cm2, diffraction maxima corresponding to SnO became clearly evident and increased in intensity as fluence increased. The proportion of SnO, as determined by Rietveld refinement of XRD data, reached 23.1 ± 0.8% at the maximum fluence investigated of 2.4 × 1013 ions/cm2. Raman spectra show high photoluminescence (PL) intensity before and during initial SnO formation, indicating the importance of oxygen vacancies in the transformation process. Small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) analysis provided evidence of ion tracks, but no tracks were observed using high-resolution TEM (HRTEM). The transformation likely occurs through a multiple-impact mechanism, based on the accumulation of O vacancies, defect ordering, and partially localized Sn reduction.

AB - A crystalline-to-crystalline phase transformation, including chemical decomposition, has been observed in SnO2 nanopowder irradiated by 2.2 GeV 197Au ions. X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to characterize the transformation from tetragonal SnO2 (P42/mnm) to tetragonal SnO (P4/nmm), with trace quantities of β-Sn (I41/amd). At a fluence of approximately 2.0 × 1012 ions/cm2, diffraction maxima corresponding to SnO became clearly evident and increased in intensity as fluence increased. The proportion of SnO, as determined by Rietveld refinement of XRD data, reached 23.1 ± 0.8% at the maximum fluence investigated of 2.4 × 1013 ions/cm2. Raman spectra show high photoluminescence (PL) intensity before and during initial SnO formation, indicating the importance of oxygen vacancies in the transformation process. Small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) analysis provided evidence of ion tracks, but no tracks were observed using high-resolution TEM (HRTEM). The transformation likely occurs through a multiple-impact mechanism, based on the accumulation of O vacancies, defect ordering, and partially localized Sn reduction.

KW - Decomposition

KW - Irradiation

KW - Nanocrystalline

KW - Phase transformation

KW - Reduction

KW - Swift heavy ions

KW - Tin oxide

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85019715755

U2 - 10.1016/j.nimb.2017.05.037

DO - 10.1016/j.nimb.2017.05.037

M3 - Article

SN - 0168-583X

VL - 407

SP - 10

EP - 19

JO - Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms

JF - Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms

ER -

Phase transformation and chemical decomposition of nanocrystalline SnO₂ under heavy ion irradiation

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