Problematic Pornography Consumption and Its Associated Factors Among Undergraduate Students of Kathmandu Metropolitan City: A Cross-Sectional Study

Background and Aims: Problematic pornography consumption has been linked to various physical, mental, and social issues, particularly among young adults. Despite global attention to this issue, limited research exists on its prevalence and contributing factors in Nepal. This cross-sectional study aimed to assess the factors associated with problematic pornography consumption (PPC) among undergraduate students of Kathmandu Metropolitan City. Methods: A total of 361 undergraduate students residing in hostels in Kathmandu Metropolitan City were sampled. Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire, and problematic pornography consumption was measured using the Problematic Pornography Consumption Scale (PPCS). Bivariate analyses (Chi-square test and unadjusted odds ratios) and multivariable logistic regression were performed to identify factors associated with PPC, with adjusted odds ratios (aOR) calculated at 95% confidence interval (CI) and 5% level of significance. Results: Out of 361 undergraduate students, 62 (17.2%; 95% CI: 13.3%–21.3%) students were observed to exhibit PPC. PPC was found to be associated with younger age (< 20 years, aOR: 3.671; 95% CI: 1.546–8.717; 20–22 years, aOR: 2.491; 95% CI: 1.133–5.477), male gender (aOR: 6.178; 95% CI: 2.349–16.244), alcohol consumption (aOR: 2.630; 95% CI: 1.182–5.849), and poor knowledge of risky sexual behavior (aOR: 1.944; 95% CI: 1.042–3.624). Conclusion: PPC is prevalent among Nepali undergraduate students. The findings highlight the need for gender-sensitive interventions and educational programs addressing the impacts of pornography on sexual health.