Rapid black hole growth at the dawn of the Universe: A super-Eddington quasar at z = 6.6

Ji Jia Tang; Tomotsugu Goto; Youichi Ohyama; Chichuan Jin; Chris Done; Ting Yi Lu; Tetsuya Hashimoto; Ece Kilerci Eser; Chia Ying Chiang; Seong Jin Kim

doi:10.1093/mnras/stz134

Rapid black hole growth at the dawn of the Universe: A super-Eddington quasar at z = 6.6

Ji Jia Tang^*, Tomotsugu Goto, Youichi Ohyama, Chichuan Jin, Chris Done, Ting Yi Lu, Tetsuya Hashimoto, Ece Kilerci Eser, Chia Ying Chiang, Seong Jin Kim

^*Corresponding author for this work

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Abstract

We present the analysis of a new near-infrared (NIR) spectrum of a recently discovered z = 6.621 quasar PSO J006 + 39 in an attempt to explore the early growth of supermassive black holes (SMBHs). This NIR (rest-frame ultraviolet, UV) spectrum shows blue continuum slope and rich metal emission lines in addition to Lyα line. We utilize the Mg II line width and the rest-frame luminosity L_{3000 Å} to find the mass of SMBH (M_BH) to be ∼10⁸ M☉, making this one of the lowest mass quasars at high redshift. The power-law slope index (α_λ) of the continuum emission is −2.94 ± 0.03, significantly bluer than the slope of α_λ = −7/3 predicted from standard thin disc models. We fit the spectral energy distribution (SED) using a model which can fit local SMBHs, which includes warm and hot Comptonization powered by the accretion flow as well as an outer standard disc. The result shows that the very blue slope is probably produced by a small radial (∼230 gravitational radius, R_g) extent of the standard accretion disc. All plausible SED models require that the source is super-Eddington (L_bol/L_Edd ≳ 9), so the apparently small disc may simply be the inner funnel of a puffed up flow, and clearly the SMBH in this quasar is in a rapid growth phase. We also utilize the rest-frame UV emission lines to probe the chemical abundance in the broad-line region (BLR) of this quasar. We find that this quasar has super solar metallicity through photoionization model calculations.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	2575-2586
Number of pages	12
Journal	Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Volume	484
Issue number	2
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stz134
Publication status	Published - 1 Apr 2019

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@article{a02305a55c13421d9c7726a220e83efe,

title = "Rapid black hole growth at the dawn of the Universe: A super-Eddington quasar at z = 6.6",

abstract = "We present the analysis of a new near-infrared (NIR) spectrum of a recently discovered z = 6.621 quasar PSO J006 + 39 in an attempt to explore the early growth of supermassive black holes (SMBHs). This NIR (rest-frame ultraviolet, UV) spectrum shows blue continuum slope and rich metal emission lines in addition to Lyα line. We utilize the Mg II line width and the rest-frame luminosity L3000 {\AA} to find the mass of SMBH (MBH) to be ∼108 M☉, making this one of the lowest mass quasars at high redshift. The power-law slope index (αλ) of the continuum emission is −2.94 ± 0.03, significantly bluer than the slope of αλ = −7/3 predicted from standard thin disc models. We fit the spectral energy distribution (SED) using a model which can fit local SMBHs, which includes warm and hot Comptonization powered by the accretion flow as well as an outer standard disc. The result shows that the very blue slope is probably produced by a small radial (∼230 gravitational radius, Rg) extent of the standard accretion disc. All plausible SED models require that the source is super-Eddington (Lbol/LEdd ≳ 9), so the apparently small disc may simply be the inner funnel of a puffed up flow, and clearly the SMBH in this quasar is in a rapid growth phase. We also utilize the rest-frame UV emission lines to probe the chemical abundance in the broad-line region (BLR) of this quasar. We find that this quasar has super solar metallicity through photoionization model calculations.",

keywords = "Galaxies: active, Galaxies: high-redshift, Galaxies: nuclei, Quasars: emission lines, Quasars: supermassive black holes",

author = "Tang, {Ji Jia} and Tomotsugu Goto and Youichi Ohyama and Chichuan Jin and Chris Done and Lu, {Ting Yi} and Tetsuya Hashimoto and Eser, {Ece Kilerci} and Chiang, {Chia Ying} and Kim, {Seong Jin}",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2019 The Author(s) Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Royal Astronomical Society.",

year = "2019",

month = apr,

day = "1",

doi = "10.1093/mnras/stz134",

language = "English",

volume = "484",

pages = "2575--2586",

journal = "Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society",

issn = "0035-8711",

publisher = "Oxford University Press",

number = "2",

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TY - JOUR

T1 - Rapid black hole growth at the dawn of the Universe

T2 - A super-Eddington quasar at z = 6.6

AU - Tang, Ji Jia

AU - Goto, Tomotsugu

AU - Ohyama, Youichi

AU - Jin, Chichuan

AU - Done, Chris

AU - Lu, Ting Yi

AU - Hashimoto, Tetsuya

AU - Eser, Ece Kilerci

AU - Chiang, Chia Ying

AU - Kim, Seong Jin

PY - 2019/4/1

Y1 - 2019/4/1

N2 - We present the analysis of a new near-infrared (NIR) spectrum of a recently discovered z = 6.621 quasar PSO J006 + 39 in an attempt to explore the early growth of supermassive black holes (SMBHs). This NIR (rest-frame ultraviolet, UV) spectrum shows blue continuum slope and rich metal emission lines in addition to Lyα line. We utilize the Mg II line width and the rest-frame luminosity L3000 Å to find the mass of SMBH (MBH) to be ∼108 M☉, making this one of the lowest mass quasars at high redshift. The power-law slope index (αλ) of the continuum emission is −2.94 ± 0.03, significantly bluer than the slope of αλ = −7/3 predicted from standard thin disc models. We fit the spectral energy distribution (SED) using a model which can fit local SMBHs, which includes warm and hot Comptonization powered by the accretion flow as well as an outer standard disc. The result shows that the very blue slope is probably produced by a small radial (∼230 gravitational radius, Rg) extent of the standard accretion disc. All plausible SED models require that the source is super-Eddington (Lbol/LEdd ≳ 9), so the apparently small disc may simply be the inner funnel of a puffed up flow, and clearly the SMBH in this quasar is in a rapid growth phase. We also utilize the rest-frame UV emission lines to probe the chemical abundance in the broad-line region (BLR) of this quasar. We find that this quasar has super solar metallicity through photoionization model calculations.

AB - We present the analysis of a new near-infrared (NIR) spectrum of a recently discovered z = 6.621 quasar PSO J006 + 39 in an attempt to explore the early growth of supermassive black holes (SMBHs). This NIR (rest-frame ultraviolet, UV) spectrum shows blue continuum slope and rich metal emission lines in addition to Lyα line. We utilize the Mg II line width and the rest-frame luminosity L3000 Å to find the mass of SMBH (MBH) to be ∼108 M☉, making this one of the lowest mass quasars at high redshift. The power-law slope index (αλ) of the continuum emission is −2.94 ± 0.03, significantly bluer than the slope of αλ = −7/3 predicted from standard thin disc models. We fit the spectral energy distribution (SED) using a model which can fit local SMBHs, which includes warm and hot Comptonization powered by the accretion flow as well as an outer standard disc. The result shows that the very blue slope is probably produced by a small radial (∼230 gravitational radius, Rg) extent of the standard accretion disc. All plausible SED models require that the source is super-Eddington (Lbol/LEdd ≳ 9), so the apparently small disc may simply be the inner funnel of a puffed up flow, and clearly the SMBH in this quasar is in a rapid growth phase. We also utilize the rest-frame UV emission lines to probe the chemical abundance in the broad-line region (BLR) of this quasar. We find that this quasar has super solar metallicity through photoionization model calculations.

KW - Galaxies: active

KW - Galaxies: high-redshift

KW - Galaxies: nuclei

KW - Quasars: emission lines

KW - Quasars: supermassive black holes

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85063388090&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1093/mnras/stz134

DO - 10.1093/mnras/stz134

M3 - Article

SN - 0035-8711

VL - 484

SP - 2575

EP - 2586

JO - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

JF - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

IS - 2

ER -

Rapid black hole growth at the dawn of the Universe: A super-Eddington quasar at z = 6.6

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