Regulatory uncertainty and TARP

Using the Troubled Asset Relief Program (TARP) as a laboratory, this paper examines the impacts of bank
bailouts on bank-dependent clients. We find that large TARP recipient banks reduce credit supply to dependent
borrowers in the post-TARP period. A large fraction of credit supply reduction is due to regulatory uncertainty on
account of an increased likelihood of fines. Liquidity hoarding by TARP banks also drives part of the reduction in
credit supply. Relationship borrowers experience a valuation loss around the announcements of their main
banks’ TARP approvals consistent with a credit supply reduction