TY - JOUR
T1 - Sex-dependent association between erythrocyte n-3 PUFA and type 2 diabetes in older overweight people
AU - Abbott, Kylie A.
AU - Veysey, Martin
AU - Lucock, Mark
AU - Niblett, Suzanne
AU - King, Katrina
AU - Burrows, Tracy
AU - Garg, Manohar L.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
Copyright © The Authors 2016.
PY - 2016/4/28
Y1 - 2016/4/28
N2 - The association between n-3 PUFA intake and type 2 diabetes (T2D) is unclear, and studies relating objective biomarkers of n-3 PUFA consumption to diabetic status remain limited. The aim of this study was to determine whether erythrocyte n-3 PUFA levels (n-3 index; n-3I) are associated with T2D in a cohort of older adults (n 608). To achieve this, the n-3I (erythrocyte %EPA+%DHA) was determined by GC and associated with fasting blood glucose; HbA1c; and plasma insulin. Insulin resistance (IR) was assessed using the homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA - IR). OR for T2D were calculated for each quartile of n-3I. In all, eighty-two type 2 diabetic (46.3 % female; 76.7 (sd 5.9) years) and 466 non-diabetic (57.9 % female; 77.8 (sd 7.1) years) individuals were included in the analysis. In overweight/obese (BMI≥27 kg/m 2 ), the prevalence of T2D decreased across ascending n-3I quartiles: 1.0 (reference), 0.82 (95 % CI 0.31, 2.18), 0.56 (95 % CI 0.21, 1.52) and 0.22 (95 % CI 0.06, 0.82) (P trend=0.015). A similar but non-significant trend was seen in overweight men. After adjusting for BMI, no associations were found between n-3I and fasting blood glucose, HbA1c, insulin or HOMA-IR. In conclusion, higher erythrocyte n-3 PUFA status may be protective against the development of T2D in overweight women. Further research is warranted to determine whether dietary interventions that improve n-3 PUFA status can improve measures of IR, and to further elucidate sex-dependent differences.
AB - The association between n-3 PUFA intake and type 2 diabetes (T2D) is unclear, and studies relating objective biomarkers of n-3 PUFA consumption to diabetic status remain limited. The aim of this study was to determine whether erythrocyte n-3 PUFA levels (n-3 index; n-3I) are associated with T2D in a cohort of older adults (n 608). To achieve this, the n-3I (erythrocyte %EPA+%DHA) was determined by GC and associated with fasting blood glucose; HbA1c; and plasma insulin. Insulin resistance (IR) was assessed using the homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA - IR). OR for T2D were calculated for each quartile of n-3I. In all, eighty-two type 2 diabetic (46.3 % female; 76.7 (sd 5.9) years) and 466 non-diabetic (57.9 % female; 77.8 (sd 7.1) years) individuals were included in the analysis. In overweight/obese (BMI≥27 kg/m 2 ), the prevalence of T2D decreased across ascending n-3I quartiles: 1.0 (reference), 0.82 (95 % CI 0.31, 2.18), 0.56 (95 % CI 0.21, 1.52) and 0.22 (95 % CI 0.06, 0.82) (P trend=0.015). A similar but non-significant trend was seen in overweight men. After adjusting for BMI, no associations were found between n-3I and fasting blood glucose, HbA1c, insulin or HOMA-IR. In conclusion, higher erythrocyte n-3 PUFA status may be protective against the development of T2D in overweight women. Further research is warranted to determine whether dietary interventions that improve n-3 PUFA status can improve measures of IR, and to further elucidate sex-dependent differences.
KW - Insulin resistance
KW - n-3 Index
KW - Obesity
KW - PUFA
KW - Type 2 diabetes
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84958776721&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1017/S0007114516000258
DO - 10.1017/S0007114516000258
M3 - Article
C2 - 26887798
AN - SCOPUS:84958776721
SN - 0007-1145
VL - 115
SP - 1379
EP - 1386
JO - British Journal of Nutrition
JF - British Journal of Nutrition
IS - 8
ER -