Student perceptions of MASK-EDTM simulation in physiotherapy education: A mixed-methods cohort study

Introduction: MASK-EDTM simulation is a novel educational approach in which a clinically experienced educator dons a high-fidelity silicone mask and plays the role of a patient. MASK-EDTM simulation has not yet been evaluated in physiotherapy education. The purpose of this study was to describe physiotherapy students perceptions of the value of MASK-EDTM simulation and its effect on perceived preparedness for clinical placements. Methods: Design: Mixed-methods cohort study, using questionnaires and focus groups over 12 months. Setting: Entry-level Physiotherapy course at an Australian university. Participants: Eighty-one physiotherapy students enrolled in their first unit of cardiorespiratory Physiotherapy. Intervention: MASK-EDTM simulation in five tutorials across two semesters, practising skills including history-taking and secretion clearance techniques. Main outcome measures: Questionnaires pre- and post clinical placement; thematic analysis of focus group data following clinical placement exposure. Results: One hundred per cent of students described MASK- EDTM as helpful in developing manual handling skills (mean 3.8/4.0, SD 0.4), establishing rapport and empathy with patients (mean 3.7/4.0, SD 0.5), and communicating with an older patient (mean 3.4/4.0, SD 0.6). Following exposure to clinical placement, students perceived MASK-EDTM as slightly less helpful in enhancing readiness for clinical placement (MD 0.20 out of 5, 95% CI 0.54 to 0.04) compared with before clinical exposure. However, they still considered MASK-EDTM somewhat helpful (mean 3.2/4.0). Three themes were identified: the safety of the learning environment with MASK-EDTM, the importance of communication in MASK-EDTM simulation and the performative aspects of MASK-EDTM simulation. All three themes were underpinned by the importance of authenticity in learning and practice.