The dark energy survey: detection of weak lensing magnification of supernovae and constraints on dark matter haloes

P. Shah; T. M. Davis; D. Bacon; D. Brout; J. Frieman; L. Galbany; R. Kessler; O. Lahav; J. Lee; C. Lidman; R. C. Nichol; M. Sako; B. O. Sánchez; D. Scolnic; M. Sullivan; M. Vincenzi; P. Wiseman; S. Allam; T. M.C. Abbott; M. Aguena; O. Alves; F. Andrade-Oliveira; J. Annis; K. Bechtol; E. Bertin; S. Bocquet; D. Brooks; A. Carnero Rosell; J. Carretero; F. J. Castander; L. N. da Costa; M. E.S. Pereira; H. T. Diehl; P. Doel; C. Doux; S. Everett; I. Ferrero; B. Flaugher; D. Friedel; M. Gatti; D. Gruen; R. A. Gruendl; G. Gutierrez; S. R. Hinton; D. L. Hollowood; K. Honscheid; D. Huterer; D. J. James; K. Kuehn; M. Smith

doi:10.1093/mnras/stae1515

The dark energy survey: detection of weak lensing magnification of supernovae and constraints on dark matter haloes

P. Shah^*, T. M. Davis, D. Bacon, D. Brout, J. Frieman, L. Galbany, R. Kessler, O. Lahav, J. Lee, C. Lidman, R. C. Nichol, M. Sako, B. O. Sánchez, D. Scolnic, M. Sullivan, M. Vincenzi, P. Wiseman, S. Allam, T. M.C. Abbott, M. AguenaO. Alves, F. Andrade-Oliveira, J. Annis, K. Bechtol, E. Bertin, S. Bocquet, D. Brooks, A. Carnero Rosell, J. Carretero, F. J. Castander, L. N. da Costa, M. E.S. Pereira, H. T. Diehl, P. Doel, C. Doux, S. Everett, I. Ferrero, B. Flaugher, D. Friedel, M. Gatti, D. Gruen, R. A. Gruendl, G. Gutierrez, S. R. Hinton, D. L. Hollowood, K. Honscheid, D. Huterer, D. J. James, K. Kuehn, M. Smith,

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

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Abstract

The residuals of the distance moduli of Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) relative to a Hubble diagram fit contain information about the inhomogeneity of the Universe, due to weak lensing magnification by foreground matter. By correlating the residuals of the Dark Energy Survey Year 5 SN Ia sample (DES-SN5YR) with extragalactic foregrounds from the DES Y3 Gold catalogue, we detect the presence of lensing at 6.0σ significance. This is the first detection with a significance level above 5σ. Constraints on the effective mass-to-light ratios and radial profiles of dark matter haloes surrounding individual galaxies are also obtained. We show that the scatter of SNe Ia around the Hubble diagram is reduced by modifying the standardization of the distance moduli to include an easily calculable de-lensing (i.e. environmental) term. We use the de-lensed distance moduli to recompute cosmological parameters derived from SN Ia, finding in Flat wcold dark matter a difference of ΔΩ_M = +0.036 and Δw = -0.056 compared to the unmodified distance moduli, a change of ∼ 0.3σ. We argue that our modelling of SN Ia lensing will lower systematics on future surveys with higher statistical power. We use the observed dispersion of lensing in DES-SN5YR to constrain σ8, but caution that the fit is sensitive to uncertainties at small scales. Nevertheless, our detection of SN Ia lensing opens a new pathway to study matter inhomogeneity that complements galaxy-galaxy lensing surveys and has unrelated systematics.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	932-944
Number of pages	13
Journal	Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Volume	532
Issue number	1
Early online date	18 Jun 2024
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stae1515
Publication status	Published - Jul 2024

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Shah, P., Davis, T. M., Bacon, D., Brout, D., Frieman, J., Galbany, L., Kessler, R., Lahav, O., Lee, J., Lidman, C., Nichol, R. C., Sako, M., Sánchez, B. O., Scolnic, D., Sullivan, M., Vincenzi, M., Wiseman, P., Allam, S., Abbott, T. M. C. (2024). The dark energy survey: detection of weak lensing magnification of supernovae and constraints on dark matter haloes. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 532(1), 932-944. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stae1515

@article{6fdec240d8254646a2a2e33394772bb6,

title = "The dark energy survey: detection of weak lensing magnification of supernovae and constraints on dark matter haloes",

abstract = "The residuals of the distance moduli of Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) relative to a Hubble diagram fit contain information about the inhomogeneity of the Universe, due to weak lensing magnification by foreground matter. By correlating the residuals of the Dark Energy Survey Year 5 SN Ia sample (DES-SN5YR) with extragalactic foregrounds from the DES Y3 Gold catalogue, we detect the presence of lensing at 6.0σ significance. This is the first detection with a significance level above 5σ. Constraints on the effective mass-to-light ratios and radial profiles of dark matter haloes surrounding individual galaxies are also obtained. We show that the scatter of SNe Ia around the Hubble diagram is reduced by modifying the standardization of the distance moduli to include an easily calculable de-lensing (i.e. environmental) term. We use the de-lensed distance moduli to recompute cosmological parameters derived from SN Ia, finding in Flat wcold dark matter a difference of ΔΩM = +0.036 and Δw = -0.056 compared to the unmodified distance moduli, a change of ∼ 0.3σ. We argue that our modelling of SN Ia lensing will lower systematics on future surveys with higher statistical power. We use the observed dispersion of lensing in DES-SN5YR to constrain σ8, but caution that the fit is sensitive to uncertainties at small scales. Nevertheless, our detection of SN Ia lensing opens a new pathway to study matter inhomogeneity that complements galaxy-galaxy lensing surveys and has unrelated systematics.",

keywords = "cosmological parameters, dark matter, galaxies: haloes, gravitational lensing: weak, transients: supernovae",

author = "P. Shah and Davis, {T. M.} and D. Bacon and D. Brout and J. Frieman and L. Galbany and R. Kessler and O. Lahav and J. Lee and C. Lidman and Nichol, {R. C.} and M. Sako and S{\'a}nchez, {B. O.} and D. Scolnic and M. Sullivan and M. Vincenzi and P. Wiseman and S. Allam and Abbott, {T. M.C.} and M. Aguena and O. Alves and F. Andrade-Oliveira and J. Annis and K. Bechtol and E. Bertin and S. Bocquet and D. Brooks and {Carnero Rosell}, A. and J. Carretero and Castander, {F. J.} and {da Costa}, {L. N.} and Pereira, {M. E.S.} and Diehl, {H. T.} and P. Doel and C. Doux and S. Everett and I. Ferrero and B. Flaugher and D. Friedel and M. Gatti and D. Gruen and Gruendl, {R. A.} and G. Gutierrez and Hinton, {S. R.} and Hollowood, {D. L.} and K. Honscheid and D. Huterer and James, {D. J.} and K. Kuehn and M. Smith",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2024 The Author(s). Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Royal Astronomical Society.",

year = "2024",

month = jul,

doi = "10.1093/mnras/stae1515",

language = "English",

volume = "532",

pages = "932--944",

journal = "Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society",

issn = "0035-8711",

publisher = "Oxford University Press ",

number = "1",

}

Shah, P, Davis, TM, Bacon, D, Brout, D, Frieman, J, Galbany, L, Kessler, R, Lahav, O, Lee, J, Lidman, C, Nichol, RC, Sako, M, Sánchez, BO, Scolnic, D, Sullivan, M, Vincenzi, M, Wiseman, P, Allam, S, Abbott, TMC, Aguena, M, Alves, O, Andrade-Oliveira, F, Annis, J, Bechtol, K, Bertin, E, Bocquet, S, Brooks, D, Carnero Rosell, A, Carretero, J, Castander, FJ, da Costa, LN, Pereira, MES, Diehl, HT, Doel, P, Doux, C, Everett, S, Ferrero, I, Flaugher, B, Friedel, D, Gatti, M, Gruen, D, Gruendl, RA, Gutierrez, G, Hinton, SR, Hollowood, DL, Honscheid, K, Huterer, D, James, DJ, Kuehn, K, Smith, M 2024, 'The dark energy survey: detection of weak lensing magnification of supernovae and constraints on dark matter haloes', Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, vol. 532, no. 1, pp. 932-944. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stae1515

TY - JOUR

T1 - The dark energy survey: detection of weak lensing magnification of supernovae and constraints on dark matter haloes

AU - Shah, P.

AU - Davis, T. M.

AU - Bacon, D.

AU - Brout, D.

AU - Frieman, J.

AU - Galbany, L.

AU - Kessler, R.

AU - Lahav, O.

AU - Lee, J.

AU - Lidman, C.

AU - Nichol, R. C.

AU - Sako, M.

AU - Sánchez, B. O.

AU - Scolnic, D.

AU - Sullivan, M.

AU - Vincenzi, M.

AU - Wiseman, P.

AU - Allam, S.

AU - Abbott, T. M.C.

AU - Aguena, M.

AU - Alves, O.

AU - Andrade-Oliveira, F.

AU - Annis, J.

AU - Bechtol, K.

AU - Bertin, E.

AU - Bocquet, S.

AU - Brooks, D.

AU - Carnero Rosell, A.

AU - Carretero, J.

AU - Castander, F. J.

AU - da Costa, L. N.

AU - Pereira, M. E.S.

AU - Diehl, H. T.

AU - Doel, P.

AU - Doux, C.

AU - Everett, S.

AU - Ferrero, I.

AU - Flaugher, B.

AU - Friedel, D.

AU - Gatti, M.

AU - Gruen, D.

AU - Gruendl, R. A.

AU - Gutierrez, G.

AU - Hinton, S. R.

AU - Hollowood, D. L.

AU - Honscheid, K.

AU - Huterer, D.

AU - James, D. J.

AU - Kuehn, K.

AU - Smith, M.

PY - 2024/7

Y1 - 2024/7

N2 - The residuals of the distance moduli of Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) relative to a Hubble diagram fit contain information about the inhomogeneity of the Universe, due to weak lensing magnification by foreground matter. By correlating the residuals of the Dark Energy Survey Year 5 SN Ia sample (DES-SN5YR) with extragalactic foregrounds from the DES Y3 Gold catalogue, we detect the presence of lensing at 6.0σ significance. This is the first detection with a significance level above 5σ. Constraints on the effective mass-to-light ratios and radial profiles of dark matter haloes surrounding individual galaxies are also obtained. We show that the scatter of SNe Ia around the Hubble diagram is reduced by modifying the standardization of the distance moduli to include an easily calculable de-lensing (i.e. environmental) term. We use the de-lensed distance moduli to recompute cosmological parameters derived from SN Ia, finding in Flat wcold dark matter a difference of ΔΩM = +0.036 and Δw = -0.056 compared to the unmodified distance moduli, a change of ∼ 0.3σ. We argue that our modelling of SN Ia lensing will lower systematics on future surveys with higher statistical power. We use the observed dispersion of lensing in DES-SN5YR to constrain σ8, but caution that the fit is sensitive to uncertainties at small scales. Nevertheless, our detection of SN Ia lensing opens a new pathway to study matter inhomogeneity that complements galaxy-galaxy lensing surveys and has unrelated systematics.

AB - The residuals of the distance moduli of Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) relative to a Hubble diagram fit contain information about the inhomogeneity of the Universe, due to weak lensing magnification by foreground matter. By correlating the residuals of the Dark Energy Survey Year 5 SN Ia sample (DES-SN5YR) with extragalactic foregrounds from the DES Y3 Gold catalogue, we detect the presence of lensing at 6.0σ significance. This is the first detection with a significance level above 5σ. Constraints on the effective mass-to-light ratios and radial profiles of dark matter haloes surrounding individual galaxies are also obtained. We show that the scatter of SNe Ia around the Hubble diagram is reduced by modifying the standardization of the distance moduli to include an easily calculable de-lensing (i.e. environmental) term. We use the de-lensed distance moduli to recompute cosmological parameters derived from SN Ia, finding in Flat wcold dark matter a difference of ΔΩM = +0.036 and Δw = -0.056 compared to the unmodified distance moduli, a change of ∼ 0.3σ. We argue that our modelling of SN Ia lensing will lower systematics on future surveys with higher statistical power. We use the observed dispersion of lensing in DES-SN5YR to constrain σ8, but caution that the fit is sensitive to uncertainties at small scales. Nevertheless, our detection of SN Ia lensing opens a new pathway to study matter inhomogeneity that complements galaxy-galaxy lensing surveys and has unrelated systematics.

KW - cosmological parameters

KW - dark matter

KW - galaxies: haloes

KW - gravitational lensing: weak

KW - transients: supernovae

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85197630538&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1093/mnras/stae1515

DO - 10.1093/mnras/stae1515

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:85197630538

SN - 0035-8711

VL - 532

SP - 932

EP - 944

JO - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

JF - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

IS - 1

ER -

The dark energy survey: detection of weak lensing magnification of supernovae and constraints on dark matter haloes

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