The Extragalactic Distance Scale Key Project. XVIII. The discovery of Cepheids and a new distance to NGC 4535 using the Hubble Space Telescope

We report on the discovery of Cepheids in the Virgo spiral galaxy NGC 4535, based on observations made with the Wide Field and Planetary Camera 2 on board the Bubble Space Telescope (HST). NGC 4535 is one of 18 galaxies observed as a part of The HST Key Project on the Extragalactic Distance Scale, which aims to measure the Hubble constant to 10% accuracy. NGC 4535 was observed over 13 epochs using the F555W filter, and over 9 epochs using the F814W filter. The HST F555W and F814W data were transformed to the Johnson V and Kron-Cousins I magnitude systems, respectively. Photometry was performed using two independent programs, DoPHOT and DAOPHOT II/ALLFRAME. Period-luminosity relations in the V and I bands were constructed using 39 high-quality Cepheids present in our set of 50 variable candidates. We obtain a distance modulus of 31.02 + 0.26 mag, corresponding to a distance of 16.0 + 1.9 Mpc. Our distance estimate is based on values of μ₀ = 18.50 ± 0.10 mag and E(V-I) = 0.13 mag for the distance modulus and reddening of the LMC, respectively.