TY - JOUR
T1 - The global, regional, and national burden of stomach cancer in 195 countries, 1990–2017
T2 - a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease study 2017
AU - Etemadi, Arash
AU - Safiri, Saeid
AU - Sepanlou, Sadaf G.
AU - Ikuta, Kevin
AU - Bisignano, Catherine
AU - Shakeri, Ramin
AU - Amani, Mohammad
AU - Fitzmaurice, Christina
AU - Nixon, Molly R.
AU - Abbasi, Nooshin
AU - Abolhassani, Hassan
AU - Advani, Shailesh M.
AU - Afarideh, Mohsen
AU - Akinyemiju, Tomi
AU - Alam, Tahiya
AU - Alikhani, Mahtab
AU - Alipour, Vahid
AU - Allen, Christine A.
AU - Almasi-Hashiani, Amir
AU - Arabloo, Jalal
AU - Assadi, Reza
AU - Atique, Suleman
AU - Awasthi, Ashish
AU - Bakhtiari, Ahad
AU - Behzadifar, Masoud
AU - Berhe, Kidanemaryam
AU - Bhala, Neeraj
AU - Bijani, Ali
AU - Bin Sayeed, Muhammad Shahdaat
AU - Bjørge, Tone
AU - Borzì, Antonio M.
AU - Braithwaite, Dejana
AU - Brenner, Hermann
AU - Carreras, Giulia
AU - Carvalho, Félix
AU - Castañeda-Orjuela, Carlos A.
AU - Castro, Franz
AU - Chu, Dinh Toi
AU - Costa, Vera M.
AU - Daryani, Ahmad
AU - Davitoiu, Dragos Virgil
AU - Demoz, Gebre T.
AU - Demis, Asmamaw Bizuneh
AU - Denova-Gutiérrez, Edgar
AU - Dey, Subhojit
AU - Nasab, Mostafa Dianati
AU - Djalalinia, Shirin
AU - Emamian, Mohammad Hassan
AU - Farahmand, Mohammad
AU - Fernandes, João C.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2020 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY 4.0 license
PY - 2020/1/1
Y1 - 2020/1/1
N2 - Background: Stomach cancer is a major health problem in many countries. Understanding the current burden of stomach cancer and the differential trends across various locations is essential for formulating effective preventive strategies. We report on the incidence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) due to stomach cancer in 195 countries and territories from 21 regions between 1990 and 2017. Methods: Estimates from GBD 2017 were used to analyse the incidence, mortality, and DALYs due to stomach cancer at the global, regional, and national levels. The rates were standardised to the GBD world population and reported per 100 000 population as age-standardised incidence rates, age-standardised death rates, and age-standardised DALY rates. All estimates were generated with 95% uncertainty intervals (UIs). Findings: In 2017, more than 1·22 million (95% UI 1·19–1·25) incident cases of stomach cancer occurred worldwide, and nearly 865 000 people (848 000–885 000) died of stomach cancer, contributing to 19·1 million (18·7–19·6) DALYs. The highest age-standardised incidence rates in 2017 were seen in the high-income Asia Pacific (29·5, 28·2–31·0 per 100 000 population) and east Asia (28·6, 27·3–30·0 per 100 000 population) regions, with nearly half of the global incident cases occurring in China. Compared with 1990, in 2017 more than 356 000 more incident cases of stomach cancer were estimated, leading to nearly 96 000 more deaths. Despite the increase in absolute numbers, the worldwide age-standardised rates of stomach cancer (incidence, deaths, and DALYs) have declined since 1990. The drop in the disease burden was associated with improved Socio-demographic Index. Globally, 38·2% (21·1–57·8) of the age-standardised DALYs were attributable to high-sodium diet in both sexes combined, and 24·5% (20·0–28·9) of the age-standardised DALYs were attributable to smoking in males. Interpretation: Our findings provide insight into the changing burden of stomach cancer, which is useful in planning local strategies and monitoring their progress. To this end, specific local strategies should be tailored to each country's risk factor profile. Beyond the current decline in age-standardised incidence and death rates, a decrease in the absolute number of cases and deaths will be possible if the burden in east Asia, where currently almost half of the incident cases and deaths occur, is further reduced. Funding: Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.
AB - Background: Stomach cancer is a major health problem in many countries. Understanding the current burden of stomach cancer and the differential trends across various locations is essential for formulating effective preventive strategies. We report on the incidence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) due to stomach cancer in 195 countries and territories from 21 regions between 1990 and 2017. Methods: Estimates from GBD 2017 were used to analyse the incidence, mortality, and DALYs due to stomach cancer at the global, regional, and national levels. The rates were standardised to the GBD world population and reported per 100 000 population as age-standardised incidence rates, age-standardised death rates, and age-standardised DALY rates. All estimates were generated with 95% uncertainty intervals (UIs). Findings: In 2017, more than 1·22 million (95% UI 1·19–1·25) incident cases of stomach cancer occurred worldwide, and nearly 865 000 people (848 000–885 000) died of stomach cancer, contributing to 19·1 million (18·7–19·6) DALYs. The highest age-standardised incidence rates in 2017 were seen in the high-income Asia Pacific (29·5, 28·2–31·0 per 100 000 population) and east Asia (28·6, 27·3–30·0 per 100 000 population) regions, with nearly half of the global incident cases occurring in China. Compared with 1990, in 2017 more than 356 000 more incident cases of stomach cancer were estimated, leading to nearly 96 000 more deaths. Despite the increase in absolute numbers, the worldwide age-standardised rates of stomach cancer (incidence, deaths, and DALYs) have declined since 1990. The drop in the disease burden was associated with improved Socio-demographic Index. Globally, 38·2% (21·1–57·8) of the age-standardised DALYs were attributable to high-sodium diet in both sexes combined, and 24·5% (20·0–28·9) of the age-standardised DALYs were attributable to smoking in males. Interpretation: Our findings provide insight into the changing burden of stomach cancer, which is useful in planning local strategies and monitoring their progress. To this end, specific local strategies should be tailored to each country's risk factor profile. Beyond the current decline in age-standardised incidence and death rates, a decrease in the absolute number of cases and deaths will be possible if the burden in east Asia, where currently almost half of the incident cases and deaths occur, is further reduced. Funding: Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85075908310&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/S2468-1253(19)30328-0
DO - 10.1016/S2468-1253(19)30328-0
M3 - Article
SN - 2468-1253
VL - 5
SP - 42
EP - 54
JO - The Lancet Gastroenterology and Hepatology
JF - The Lancet Gastroenterology and Hepatology
IS - 1
ER -