TY - GEN
T1 - The two-step australian immigration policy and its impact on immigrant employment outcomes
AU - Gregory, R. G.
PY - 2015
Y1 - 2015
N2 - Three decades ago, most immigrants to Australia with work entitlements came as permanent settlers. Today the annual allocation of temporary visas, with work entitlements, outnumbers permanent settler visas by a ratio of three to one. The new environment, with so many temporary visa holders, has led to a two-step immigration policy whereby an increasing proportion of immigrants come first as a temporary immigrant, to work or study, and then seek to move to permanent status. Around one-half of permanent visas are allocated onshore to those who hold temporary visas with work rights. The labor market implications of this new two-step system are substantial. Immigrants from non-English-speaking countries (NES) are affected most. In their early years in Australia, they have substantially reduced full-time employment and substantially increased part-time employment, usually while attending an education institution. Three years after arrival, one-third of NES immigrants are now employed part-time which, rather than unemployment, is becoming their principal pathway to full-time labor market integration. Surprisingly, little has changed for immigrants from English-speaking countries (ES).
AB - Three decades ago, most immigrants to Australia with work entitlements came as permanent settlers. Today the annual allocation of temporary visas, with work entitlements, outnumbers permanent settler visas by a ratio of three to one. The new environment, with so many temporary visa holders, has led to a two-step immigration policy whereby an increasing proportion of immigrants come first as a temporary immigrant, to work or study, and then seek to move to permanent status. Around one-half of permanent visas are allocated onshore to those who hold temporary visas with work rights. The labor market implications of this new two-step system are substantial. Immigrants from non-English-speaking countries (NES) are affected most. In their early years in Australia, they have substantially reduced full-time employment and substantially increased part-time employment, usually while attending an education institution. Three years after arrival, one-third of NES immigrants are now employed part-time which, rather than unemployment, is becoming their principal pathway to full-time labor market integration. Surprisingly, little has changed for immigrants from English-speaking countries (ES).
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84971510692&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/B978-0-444-53768-3.09977-X
DO - 10.1016/B978-0-444-53768-3.09977-X
M3 - Conference contribution
SN - 9780444633729
T3 - Handbook of the Economics of International Migration
SP - 1421
EP - 1443
BT - Handbook of the Economics of International Migration, 2015
A2 - Miller, Paul W.
A2 - Chiswick, Barry R.
PB - Elsevier B.V.
ER -