Ultrafast anisotropic disordering in graphite driven by intense hard X-ray pulses

N. J. Hartley; J. Grenzer; W. Lu; L. G. Huang; Y. Inubushi; N. Kamimura; K. Katagiri; R. Kodama; A. Kon; V. Lipp; M. Makita; T. Matsuoka; N. Medvedev; S. Nakajima; N. Ozaki; T. Pikuz; A. V. Rode; K. Rohatsch; D. Sagae; A. K. Schuster; K. Tono; J. Vorberger; T. Yabuuchi; D. Kraus

doi:10.1016/j.hedp.2019.05.002

Ultrafast anisotropic disordering in graphite driven by intense hard X-ray pulses

N. J. Hartley^*, J. Grenzer, W. Lu, L. G. Huang, Y. Inubushi, N. Kamimura, K. Katagiri, R. Kodama, A. Kon, V. Lipp, M. Makita, T. Matsuoka, N. Medvedev, S. Nakajima, N. Ozaki, T. Pikuz, A. V. Rode, K. Rohatsch, D. Sagae, A. K. SchusterK. Tono, J. Vorberger, T. Yabuuchi, D. Kraus

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

10 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

We present results from the SPring-8 Angstrom Compact free electron LAser (SACLA)X-ray free electron laser (XFEL)facility, using an X-ray pump, X-ray probe scheme to observe ultrafast changes in the structure of heated graphite. The 9.8 keV XFEL beam was focused to give an intensity on the order of ∼ 10¹⁹ W/cm², and the evolution of the diffraction pattern observed up to delays of 300 fs. The interplanar diffraction peaks weaken significantly within 10s of femtoseconds, but in-plane diffraction orders i.e. those with Miller Index (hk0), persist up to 300 fs, with the observed signal increasing. We interpret this as nonthermal damage through the breaking of interplanar bonds, which at longer timescales leads to ablation by removal of intact graphite sheets. Post-experiment examination of the graphite samples shows damage which is comparable in size to the range of the excited photoelectrons. These results highlight the challenges of accurately modelling X-ray driven heating, as it becomes a routine approach to generating high energy density states.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	63-69
Number of pages	7
Journal	High Energy Density Physics
Volume	32
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hedp.2019.05.002
Publication status	Published - Jul 2019

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Hartley, N. J., Grenzer, J., Lu, W., Huang, L. G., Inubushi, Y., Kamimura, N., Katagiri, K., Kodama, R., Kon, A., Lipp, V., Makita, M., Matsuoka, T., Medvedev, N., Nakajima, S., Ozaki, N., Pikuz, T., Rode, A. V., Rohatsch, K., Sagae, D., ... Kraus, D. (2019). Ultrafast anisotropic disordering in graphite driven by intense hard X-ray pulses. High Energy Density Physics, 32, 63-69. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hedp.2019.05.002

@article{793f3c0586364e8d906a85a868eee302,

title = "Ultrafast anisotropic disordering in graphite driven by intense hard X-ray pulses",

abstract = "We present results from the SPring-8 Angstrom Compact free electron LAser (SACLA)X-ray free electron laser (XFEL)facility, using an X-ray pump, X-ray probe scheme to observe ultrafast changes in the structure of heated graphite. The 9.8 keV XFEL beam was focused to give an intensity on the order of ∼ 1019 W/cm2, and the evolution of the diffraction pattern observed up to delays of 300 fs. The interplanar diffraction peaks weaken significantly within 10s of femtoseconds, but in-plane diffraction orders i.e. those with Miller Index (hk0), persist up to 300 fs, with the observed signal increasing. We interpret this as nonthermal damage through the breaking of interplanar bonds, which at longer timescales leads to ablation by removal of intact graphite sheets. Post-experiment examination of the graphite samples shows damage which is comparable in size to the range of the excited photoelectrons. These results highlight the challenges of accurately modelling X-ray driven heating, as it becomes a routine approach to generating high energy density states.",

keywords = "Diffraction, Nonthermal melting, Ultrafast melting, X-ray heating",

author = "Hartley, {N. J.} and J. Grenzer and W. Lu and Huang, {L. G.} and Y. Inubushi and N. Kamimura and K. Katagiri and R. Kodama and A. Kon and V. Lipp and M. Makita and T. Matsuoka and N. Medvedev and S. Nakajima and N. Ozaki and T. Pikuz and Rode, {A. V.} and K. Rohatsch and D. Sagae and Schuster, {A. K.} and K. Tono and J. Vorberger and T. Yabuuchi and D. Kraus",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2019 The Authors",

year = "2019",

month = jul,

doi = "10.1016/j.hedp.2019.05.002",

language = "English",

volume = "32",

pages = "63--69",

journal = "High Energy Density Physics",

issn = "1574-1818",

publisher = "Elsevier B.V.",

}

Hartley, NJ, Grenzer, J, Lu, W, Huang, LG, Inubushi, Y, Kamimura, N, Katagiri, K, Kodama, R, Kon, A, Lipp, V, Makita, M, Matsuoka, T, Medvedev, N, Nakajima, S, Ozaki, N, Pikuz, T, Rode, AV, Rohatsch, K, Sagae, D, Schuster, AK, Tono, K, Vorberger, J, Yabuuchi, T & Kraus, D 2019, 'Ultrafast anisotropic disordering in graphite driven by intense hard X-ray pulses', High Energy Density Physics, vol. 32, pp. 63-69. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hedp.2019.05.002

TY - JOUR

T1 - Ultrafast anisotropic disordering in graphite driven by intense hard X-ray pulses

AU - Hartley, N. J.

AU - Grenzer, J.

AU - Lu, W.

AU - Huang, L. G.

AU - Inubushi, Y.

AU - Kamimura, N.

AU - Katagiri, K.

AU - Kodama, R.

AU - Kon, A.

AU - Lipp, V.

AU - Makita, M.

AU - Matsuoka, T.

AU - Medvedev, N.

AU - Nakajima, S.

AU - Ozaki, N.

AU - Pikuz, T.

AU - Rode, A. V.

AU - Rohatsch, K.

AU - Sagae, D.

AU - Schuster, A. K.

AU - Tono, K.

AU - Vorberger, J.

AU - Yabuuchi, T.

AU - Kraus, D.

PY - 2019/7

Y1 - 2019/7

N2 - We present results from the SPring-8 Angstrom Compact free electron LAser (SACLA)X-ray free electron laser (XFEL)facility, using an X-ray pump, X-ray probe scheme to observe ultrafast changes in the structure of heated graphite. The 9.8 keV XFEL beam was focused to give an intensity on the order of ∼ 1019 W/cm2, and the evolution of the diffraction pattern observed up to delays of 300 fs. The interplanar diffraction peaks weaken significantly within 10s of femtoseconds, but in-plane diffraction orders i.e. those with Miller Index (hk0), persist up to 300 fs, with the observed signal increasing. We interpret this as nonthermal damage through the breaking of interplanar bonds, which at longer timescales leads to ablation by removal of intact graphite sheets. Post-experiment examination of the graphite samples shows damage which is comparable in size to the range of the excited photoelectrons. These results highlight the challenges of accurately modelling X-ray driven heating, as it becomes a routine approach to generating high energy density states.

AB - We present results from the SPring-8 Angstrom Compact free electron LAser (SACLA)X-ray free electron laser (XFEL)facility, using an X-ray pump, X-ray probe scheme to observe ultrafast changes in the structure of heated graphite. The 9.8 keV XFEL beam was focused to give an intensity on the order of ∼ 1019 W/cm2, and the evolution of the diffraction pattern observed up to delays of 300 fs. The interplanar diffraction peaks weaken significantly within 10s of femtoseconds, but in-plane diffraction orders i.e. those with Miller Index (hk0), persist up to 300 fs, with the observed signal increasing. We interpret this as nonthermal damage through the breaking of interplanar bonds, which at longer timescales leads to ablation by removal of intact graphite sheets. Post-experiment examination of the graphite samples shows damage which is comparable in size to the range of the excited photoelectrons. These results highlight the challenges of accurately modelling X-ray driven heating, as it becomes a routine approach to generating high energy density states.

KW - Diffraction

KW - Nonthermal melting

KW - Ultrafast melting

KW - X-ray heating

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85066290622&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1016/j.hedp.2019.05.002

DO - 10.1016/j.hedp.2019.05.002

M3 - Article

SN - 1574-1818

VL - 32

SP - 63

EP - 69

JO - High Energy Density Physics

JF - High Energy Density Physics

ER -

Ultrafast anisotropic disordering in graphite driven by intense hard X-ray pulses

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